_Edward I ("Longshanks"), King of ENGLAND _+
| (1239 - 1307) m 1254
_Edward II, King of ENGLAND __________|_Eleanor of CASTILE _______________________
| (1284 - ....) m 1308 (.... - 1290)
_Edward III, King of ENGLAND ____________|
| (1312 - 1377) m 1328 |
| | _Philip IV "The Fair", King of FRANCE _____+
| | | (1268 - 1314) m 1284
| |_Isabella "The Fair" of FRANCE _______|_Jeanne (or Joanna), Queen of NAVARRE _____
| (1292 - 1358) m 1308 (1272 - 1305)
_John of GAUNT __________________|
| (1340 - 1399) m 1396 |
| | _John II of AVESNES _______________________+
| | | (1248 - 1304) m 1270
| | _William III ("the Good") of AVESNES _|_Philippa of LUXEMBOURG ___________________
| | | (1286 - 1337) m 1305 (1252 - 1311)
| |_Philippa of HAINAUT ____________________|
| (.... - 1369) m 1328 |
| | _Charles, Count of VALOIS _________________+
| | | (1270 - 1325) m 1290
| |_Joanna (or Jane) of VALOIS __________|_Margaret of NAPLES _______________________
| (.... - 1342) m 1305 (1273 - 1299)
_John BEAUFORT ______|
| (1372 - 1410) m 1397|
| | ___________________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________________________|___________________________________________
| | |
| | _Sir Paon DE ROëT ______________________|
| | | |
| | | | ___________________________________________
| | | | |
| | | |______________________________________|___________________________________________
| | |
| |_Katherine DE ROET ______________|
| (1350 - 1403) m 1396 |
| | ___________________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________________________|___________________________________________
| | |
| |_________________________________________|
| |
| | ___________________________________________
| | |
| |______________________________________|___________________________________________
|
|
|--John BEAUFORT
| (1403 - 1444)
| _Sir Robert DE HOLAND _____________________+
| |
| _Sir Robert DE HOLAND ________________|_Elizabeth DE SALMESBURY __________________
| | (1270 - 1328) (1256 - ....)
| _Thomas DE HOLAND _______________________|
| | (1314 - 1360) m 1339 |
| | | _Alan La ZOUCHE ___________________________+
| | | | (1267 - 1314)
| | |_Maud ZOUCHE _________________________|_Eleanor SEGRAVE __________________________
| | (1289 - 1341) (.... - 1314)
| _Thomas de Holand, Earl of KENT _|
| | (1354 - 1397) m 1370 |
| | | _Edward I ("Longshanks"), King of ENGLAND _+
| | | | (1239 - 1307) m 1299
| | | _Edmund "of Woodstock", Earl Of KENT _|_Marguerite of FRANCE _____________________
| | | | (1301 - 1330) m 1325 (1282 - 1317)
| | |_Joan ("Fair Maid of Kent") PLANTAGENET _|
| | (1328 - 1385) m 1339 |
| | | _John WAKE ________________________________+
| | | | (.... - 1300)
| | |_Margaret WAKE _______________________|_Joan DE FIENNES __________________________
| | (.... - 1349) m 1325 (.... - 1309)
|_Margaret HOLLAND ___|
(1380 - 1439) m 1397|
| _Richard Fitz ALAN ________________________+
| | (1267 - 1302)
| _Sir Edmund Fitz ALAN ________________|_Alasia DE SALUZZO ________________________
| | (1285 - 1326) m 1305 (1266 - 1292)
| _Sir Richard Fitz ALAN __________________|
| | (1306 - 1376) m 1345 |
| | | _William DE WARENNE _______________________+
| | | | (1256 - 1286) m 1285
| | |_Alice DE WARENNE ____________________|_Joan DE VERE _____________________________
| | (1287 - 1338) m 1305 (1264 - 1293)
|_Alice Fitz ALAN ________________|
(1350 - 1415) m 1370 |
| _Edmund ("Crouchback"), Earl of LANCASTER _+
| | (1245 - 1296) m 1276
| _Henry, Earl of LANCASTER ____________|_Blanche of Artois, Queen of NAVARRE ______
| | (1281 - 1345) m 1297 (.... - 1302)
|_Eleanor (de Lancaster) PLANTAGENET _____|
(.... - 1372) m 1345 |
| _Patrick Chaworth, Lord of KIDWELLEY ______+
| | (1253 - 1283)
|_Maud CHAWORTH _______________________|_Isabel DE BEAUCHAMP ______________________
(1282 - ....) m 1297 (1236 - ....)
[5356] John acceeded as Duke 27 Oct 1485 and was a Knight of the Garter. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Beaufort%2C_1st_Duke_of_Somerset
[10831] Johann Friedrich succeeded his father Albrecht V as margrave in 1667. Eleanor Erdmuthe Louise of Saxe-Eisenach is his second wife.
_Rotgaire ("Roger"), Count of MONTREUIL _+
| (.... - 0957)
_William (I), Count of MONTREUIL _|_________________________________________
| (.... - 0965)
_Hilduin, Count of MONTREUIL _|
| (.... - 0981) |
| | _________________________________________
| | |
| |__________________________________|_________________________________________
|
_Geoffrey I, Lord of DUNOIS _|
| |
| | _________________________________________
| | |
| | __________________________________|_________________________________________
| | |
| |______________________________|
| |
| | _________________________________________
| | |
| |__________________________________|_________________________________________
|
_Geoffrey II, Lord of DUNOIS _|
| |
| | _________________________________________
| | |
| | __________________________________|_________________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________________|
| | | |
| | | | _________________________________________
| | | | |
| | | |__________________________________|_________________________________________
| | |
| |_____________________________|
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| | _________________________________________
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| | __________________________________|_________________________________________
| | |
| |______________________________|
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| | _________________________________________
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| |__________________________________|_________________________________________
|
|
|--Hugues I, Viscount of CHâTEAUDUN
|
| _________________________________________
| |
| __________________________________|_________________________________________
| |
| ______________________________|
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| | | _________________________________________
| | | |
| | |__________________________________|_________________________________________
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| _____________________________|
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| | | __________________________________|_________________________________________
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| | |______________________________|
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|______________________________|
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| _________________________________________
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| ______________________________|
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|_____________________________|
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| _________________________________________
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|______________________________|
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| _________________________________________
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|__________________________________|_________________________________________
[6065] Hugues I m. Hildegarde ________.
__
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_James COLLINS ______|
| (1814 - 1894) |
| | __
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| | __|__
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|--David COLLINS
| (1845 - 1931)
| __
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|_Elizabeth HANSEN ___|
(1815 - 1894) |
| __
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[42024] "The Nebraska State Journal [Lincoln, Nebraska], 21 March 1931," p. 6: "TECUMSEH. Funeral services for David Collins, eighty-five, resident of Johnson county for more than fifty years who died in Denver, were held here Thursday. He had been in the grain business at St. Mary and had been a farmer near here."
_Richard DE GREY __________
|
_Henry DE GREY _________|___________________________
| (1155 - 1224)
_Sir John DE GREY ________|
| (1205 - ....) m 1230 |
| | _Hugh BARDOLF _____________+
| | |
| |_Isolda BARDOLF ________|_Isabel DE CONDET _________
| (1168 - ....)
_Reginald DE GREY ___|
| (.... - 1308) |
| | _Bartholomew DE GLANVILLE _+
| | |
| | _Geoffrey DE GLANVILLE _|___________________________
| | |
| |_Emma DE GLANVILLE _______|
| (1207 - 1250) m 1230 |
| | ___________________________
| | |
| |________________________|___________________________
|
_John DE GREY _______|
| (1268 - 1323) |
| | ___________________________
| | |
| | ________________________|___________________________
| | |
| | _William (Lord) FITZHUGH _|
| | | |
| | | | ___________________________
| | | | |
| | | |________________________|___________________________
| | |
| |_Maud FITZHUGH ______|
| |
| | ___________________________
| | |
| | ________________________|___________________________
| | |
| |__________________________|
| |
| | ___________________________
| | |
| |________________________|___________________________
|
|
|--Roger DE GREY
| (.... - 1353)
| ___________________________
| |
| ________________________|___________________________
| |
| __________________________|
| | |
| | | ___________________________
| | | |
| | |________________________|___________________________
| |
| _____________________|
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| | | ___________________________
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| | | ________________________|___________________________
| | | |
| | |__________________________|
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| | | ___________________________
| | | |
| | |________________________|___________________________
| |
|_Maud DE VERNON _____|
|
| ___________________________
| |
| ________________________|___________________________
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| __________________________|
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| | | ___________________________
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| | |________________________|___________________________
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|________________________|___________________________
[11959] Sir Roger is first Lord Grey of Ruthin, Co. Denbugh, younger son of Sir John de Grey, Lord Grey of Wilton (d. 1323). Cf. http://www.stirnet.com/HTML/genie/british/gg/grey01.htm.
[40906] http://www.thepeerage.com states "Christian Erskine is the daughter of Alexander Erskine, 3rd Lord Erskine and Christian Crichton. She married David Stewart, 6th of Rosyth, son of William Stewart, 5th of Rosyth." Ancestry.com offers: "Erskine Name Meaning - Scottish: habitational name from a place on the south bank of the Clyde outside Glasgow, first recorded in 1225 in the form Erskin. Other early spellings vary (1227 Yrskin; 1262 Ireskin; 1300 Harskin, Irschen)."
_Michael HEICHEL __________________
| (.... - 1854) m 1819
_Joseph HEICHEL ______|_Katharine ALBERT _________________
| (1819 - 1889) m 1843 (1797 - 1870)
_John Luther HEICHEL ___|
| (1850 - 1942) m 1875 |
| | _George Washington Waters BASFORD _+
| | | (1800 - 1871) m 1822
| |_Ann Rebecca BASFORD _|_Anna RIDGELY _____________________
| (1825 - 1910) m 1843 (1803 - 1837)
_Byron George HEICHEL _|
| (1881 - 1963) |
| | ___________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________|___________________________________
| | |
| |_Mary Falina EASTERDAY _|
| (1857 - 1934) m 1875 |
| | ___________________________________
| | |
| |______________________|___________________________________
|
_John Rodney HEICHEL _____|
| (1923 - 2006) m 1947 |
| | ___________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________|___________________________________
| | |
| | ________________________|
| | | |
| | | | ___________________________________
| | | | |
| | | |______________________|___________________________________
| | |
| |_Susan Luthera ARTHUR _|
| (1880 - 1957) |
| | ___________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________|___________________________________
| | |
| |________________________|
| |
| | ___________________________________
| | |
| |______________________|___________________________________
|
|
|--Laura Elizabeth HEICHEL
|
| ___________________________________
| |
| ______________________|___________________________________
| |
| ________________________|
| | |
| | | ___________________________________
| | | |
| | |______________________|___________________________________
| |
| _______________________|
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| | | ___________________________________
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| | | ______________________|___________________________________
| | | |
| | |________________________|
| | |
| | | ___________________________________
| | | |
| | |______________________|___________________________________
| |
|_Shirley Josephine MINER _|
(1926 - 2011) m 1947 |
| ___________________________________
| |
| ______________________|___________________________________
| |
| ________________________|
| | |
| | | ___________________________________
| | | |
| | |______________________|___________________________________
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|_______________________|
|
| ___________________________________
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| ______________________|___________________________________
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|________________________|
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|______________________|___________________________________
[12650] living - details excluded
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_____________________|
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_____________________|
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_William HOLMES ______|
| (1663 - 1746) m 1693 |
| | __
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| | __|__
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| | _____________________|
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| | | | __
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| | __
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| |__|__
|
|
|--Jane HOMES
| (1701 - 1763)
| __
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| __|__
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| _Thomas CRAIGHEAD ___|
| | (1607 - ....) |
| | | __
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| | |__|__
| |
| _Robert CRAIGHEAD ___|
| | (1633 - 1711) |
| | | __
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| | | __|__
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| | |_____________________|
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| | | __
| | | |
| | |__|__
| |
|_Katherine CRAIGHEAD _|
(1678 - 1754) m 1693 |
| __
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| | |__|__
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|
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[42689] This person is from an unverified file in 2017 in Ancestry.com.
_____________________
|
_Johann Ludwig KILE _____|_____________________
| (1750 - ....)
_Lewis KYLE _________|
| (1787 - 1858) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_________________________|_____________________
|
_Allen Jefferson KYLE _|
| (1820 - 1903) m 1845 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Nancy ZOOK _________|
| (1784 - 1821) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_________________________|_____________________
|
_Lewis Peter KYLE ___|
| (1857 - 1920) m 1890|
| | _Peter BRILLHART ____+
| | | (1726 - 1782) m 1745
| | _Christian B. BRILLHART _|_Mary MEYER _________
| | | (1762 - 1811) (.... - 1804)
| | _Peter BRILLHART ____|
| | | (1799 - 1867) |
| | | | _____________________
| | | | |
| | | |_Anna (Wever?) WEBER ____|_____________________
| | | (1764 - 1828)
| |_Anna BRILLHART _______|
| (1827 - 1864) m 1845 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Elizabeth BAKER ____|
| (1809 - 1881) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_________________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Laura Edith KYLE
| (1894 - ....)
| _____________________
| |
| _________________________|_____________________
| |
| _____________________|
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| | |_________________________|_____________________
| |
| _______________________|
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| | | _________________________|_____________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|
| | |
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| | |_________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Minnie FOX _________|
m 1890 |
| _____________________
| |
| _________________________|_____________________
| |
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| | |_________________________|_____________________
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_____________________
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_________________________|_____________________
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_____________________|
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| |_________________________|_____________________
|
_George MCCASKEY ____|
| (1797 - 1867) m 1825|
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_____________________|
| |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_________________________|_____________________
|
_William C. MCCASKEY _|
| (1827 - 1899) m 1849 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _John JEWELL ____________|_____________________
| | | (1745 - 1829)
| | _William JEWELL _____|
| | | (1770 - 1819) m 1795|
| | | | _____________________
| | | | |
| | | |_Katherine BOEHNETT _____|_____________________
| | | (1748 - 1832)
| |_Lydia JEWELL _______|
| (1805 - 1886) m 1825|
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _John JONES _____________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Nancy JONES ________|
| (1778 - 1858) m 1795|
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_Lydia WHITTON __________|_____________________
|
|
|--Grace I. MCCASKEY
| (1876 - 1955)
| _Samuel SCRIBNER ____+
| | (1716 - 1794) m 1740
| _Samuel SCRIBNER ________|_Hannah WEBSTER _____
| | (1743 - 1810) m 1769 (1721 - 1807)
| _John SCRIBNER ______|
| | (1778 - 1850) m 1801|
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_Mary RANO ______________|_____________________
| | (1747 - 1797) m 1769
| _Luke SCRIBNER ______|
| | (1817 - 1834) m 1830|
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | | _Thomas LELAND __________|_____________________
| | | | (1756 - 1847) m 1778
| | |_Silence LELAND _____|
| | (1782 - 1825) m 1801|
| | | _Josiah RAWSON ______+
| | | | (1728 - 1812) m 1750
| | |_Anna Batchellor RAWSON _|_Hannah BASS ________
| | (1759 - ....) m 1778 (1732 - 1813)
|_Susannah SCRIBNER ___|
(1830 - 1907) m 1849 |
| _____________________
| |
| _________________________|_____________________
| |
| _____________________|
| | |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Emeline GILLETT ____|
(1814 - 1863) m 1830|
| _____________________
| |
| _________________________|_____________________
| |
|_____________________|
|
| _____________________
| |
|_________________________|_____________________
[4701] Grace m. (1) 13 September 1891 Daniel Lamont Stevens and (2) 30 May 1897 John A. Paxon, both in Fulton County, Ohio. In 2019 the unverified http://www.scribnerfamilies.org states Grace d. in Morenci, Lenawee Co., MI.
[46157] "The Ellsworth American, 28 March 2002": "George C. McKay Jr., 80, died March 25, 2002, at MDI Hospital. He was born July 19, 1921, in Bar Harbor, the son of George C. and Ethel (Thomas) McKay Sr. He graduated from Bar Harbor High School and attended Boston University. George served in the Army Air Corps as 1st Lt. from 1942-1945. He was a member of the Bar Harbor Masonic Lodge No. 185. George worked at the Criterion Theatre, at Hinckleys Boat Yard after the war, and as an independent photographer until moving to The Jackson Laboratory. He was head of the photo department at Jackson Laboratory and owned and operated McKay Cottages from 1970-1987. George was an outdoorsman who especially enjoyed bird hunting and sailing. He is survived by his son, George McKay III of Mount Desert; a daughter, Catherine and her husband, Michael James of Bar Harbor; a brother-in-law, Donald Higgins and wife, Betty of Ellsworth; a sister, Dr. Marguerite Dwyer of Bangor; two grandchildren, Christopher James and wife, Amy of Bar Harbor and Thomas James and fiancée, Susan McLaughlin of Northeast Harbor; one niece, three nephews, and several cousins. He will be sorely missed by his special friends, Abbe and Bagheera."
[45240] James is son of Malachi Orrcutt & Susan Marks.
__________________________________________
|
_George William, Elector of BRANDENBURG _____________|__________________________________________
| (1595 - 1640) m 1616
_Frederick William, Elector of BRANDENBURG ___|
| (1620 - 1688) m 1646 |
| | _Frederick IV, Elector PALATINE __________
| | | (1574 - 1610)
| |_Elisabeth Charlotte of the PALATINATE ______________|_Louise Juliana VON ORANGE-NASSAU ________
| (1597 - 1660) m 1616
_Friedrich I, King of PRUSSIA ____________|
| (1657 - 1713) m 1684 |
| | _William "The Silent", Prince of ORANGE __+
| | | (1533 - 1584)
| | _Frederick Henry, Prince of ORANGE __________________|_Louise DE COLIGNY _______________________
| | | (1583 - 1647)
| |_Louise Henrietta of ORANGE __________________|
| (1627 - 1667) m 1646 |
| | __________________________________________
| | |
| |_Amalie zu SOLMS-BRAUNFELS __________________________|__________________________________________
| (1602 - 1675)
_Friedrich Wilhelm I, King of PRUSSIA _|
| (1688 - 1740) m 1706 |
| | _Wilhelm GUELPH __________________________+
| | | (1535 - 1592) m 1561
| | _George, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG ________________|_Dorothea OLDENBURG ______________________
| | | (1582 - 1641) m 1617 (1546 - 1617)
| | _Ernest Augustus, Elector of HANOVER _________|
| | | (1629 - 1698) m 1658 |
| | | | _Ludwig V (Landgrave) of HESSE-DARMSTADT _+
| | | | | (1577 - 1626)
| | | |_Anna Eleonore of HESSE-DARMSTADT ___________________|_Magdalena HOHENZOLLERN __________________
| | | (1601 - 1659) m 1617 (1582 - 1616)
| |_Sophie Charlotte of HANOVER _____________|
| (1668 - 1705) m 1684 |
| | _Frederick IV WITTELSBACH ________________+
| | | (1574 - 1610)
| | _Frederick V WITTELSBACH ____________________________|_Louise Juliana of ORANGE-NASSAU _________
| | | (1596 - 1632) m 1613 (1576 - 1644)
| |_Sophia Hanover of BOHEMIA ___________________|
| (1630 - 1714) m 1658 |
| | _James (I) STUART ________________________+
| | | (1566 - 1625) m 1589
| |_Elizabeth STUART ___________________________________|_Anne, Princess of DENMARK _______________
| (1596 - 1662) m 1613 (1574 - 1619)
|
|--Frederick II, King of PRUSSIA
| (1712 - 1786)
| _Wilhelm GUELPH __________________________+
| | (1535 - 1592) m 1561
| _George, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG ________________|_Dorothea OLDENBURG ______________________
| | (1582 - 1641) m 1617 (1546 - 1617)
| _Ernest Augustus, Elector of HANOVER _________|
| | (1629 - 1698) m 1658 |
| | | _Ludwig V (Landgrave) of HESSE-DARMSTADT _+
| | | | (1577 - 1626)
| | |_Anna Eleonore of HESSE-DARMSTADT ___________________|_Magdalena HOHENZOLLERN __________________
| | (1601 - 1659) m 1617 (1582 - 1616)
| _George (Louis) I, King of Great BRITAIN _|
| | (1660 - 1727) m 1682 |
| | | _Frederick IV WITTELSBACH ________________+
| | | | (1574 - 1610)
| | | _Frederick V WITTELSBACH ____________________________|_Louise Juliana of ORANGE-NASSAU _________
| | | | (1596 - 1632) m 1613 (1576 - 1644)
| | |_Sophia Hanover of BOHEMIA ___________________|
| | (1630 - 1714) m 1658 |
| | | _James (I) STUART ________________________+
| | | | (1566 - 1625) m 1589
| | |_Elizabeth STUART ___________________________________|_Anne, Princess of DENMARK _______________
| | (1596 - 1662) m 1613 (1574 - 1619)
|_Sophie Dorothea of Great BRITAIN _____|
(1687 - 1757) m 1706 |
| _Wilhelm GUELPH __________________________+
| | (1535 - 1592) m 1561
| _George, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG ________________|_Dorothea OLDENBURG ______________________
| | (1582 - 1641) m 1617 (1546 - 1617)
| _George William, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG _|
| | (1624 - 1705) |
| | | _Ludwig V (Landgrave) of HESSE-DARMSTADT _+
| | | | (1577 - 1626)
| | |_Anna Eleonore of HESSE-DARMSTADT ___________________|_Magdalena HOHENZOLLERN __________________
| | (1601 - 1659) m 1617 (1582 - 1616)
|_Sophia Dorothea of BRUNSWICK ____________|
(1666 - 1726) m 1682 |
| _Alexandre DESMIER _______________________+
| | m 1605
| _Alexandre DESMIER __________________________________|_Marie BAUDOUIN __________________________
| | (1608 - 1660) m 1631
|_Eleanor Desmier DOLBREUSE _________________|
(1639 - 1722) |
| _Joachim POUSSARD ________________________+
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|_Jacquette Poussard du Bas-Vandré et DE SAINT-MARC _|_Susan GAILLARD __________________________
m 1631
FREDERICK THE GREAT (1712-86; ruled 1740-86). The boy who was to become a great military leader and king of Prussia began his career hating the life of a soldier. Frederick II was born 24 January 1712, in Berlin. His father was King Frederick William I. His mother was Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, sister of George II of England.
Frederick's father insisted on a practical, military education for his son. The boy preferred music, art, and literature. He rebelled against tobacco, drinking, and hunting, which his father believed were natural pleasures of royalty. The king forbade the prince's tutors to teach him Latin, but he studied it and the classics in secret.
As Frederick became older, the relationship between father and son grew worse. Frederick's mother and his sister Wilhelmina sided with him against his father. This further enraged the stubborn king, who cared for nothing except the state of Prussia. He was horrified by the thought that this youth would one day be king and might wreck Prussia by his incompetence. He became more and more severe with his son, hitting him in public and even beating him with a cane in front of army troops.
When Frederick was 18 years old, he tried to escape the tyranny of his father by running away. Caught before he crossed the border, he was locked in solitary confinement for a time. From a window of his cell he was forced to watch the execution of his closest friend, who had accompanied him in his flight. For a time the cruel king even thought of putting his son to death as a military deserter.
After this incident young Frederick was changed. He became ruthless, crafty, and cynical. He now began training to succeed his father. Gradually the old king gave his son ever greater responsibilities. In 1733, under orders of his father, Frederick married Princess Elizabeth Christina, daughter of the duke of Brunswick-Bevern.
When he came to the throne at the age of 28, Frederick had a keen mind, a strong character, and an ambition that soon engulfed Europe in war. He was to
rule for 46 years, from 1740 to 1786. The first 23 years were devoted chiefly to warfare; the second, to peace and recovery. During the first half of his reign Frederick proved that as a soldier he had no equal. His last 23 years of rule showed that he was one of the enlightened despots of the 1700s. Frederick II worked hard. He acted as his own prime minister and treated his advisers as clerks. Yet, in his few leisure hours he wrote poetry and history. Once he invited the French philosopher Voltaire to his Potsdam palace of Sans Souci. The two soon quarreled, however. (See also Voltaire.)
Immediately after he had become king, Frederick acted on his own advice: "Take what you can; you are never wrong unless you are obliged to give it back." He seized the rich Austrian province of Silesia, which plunged most of Europe into war (see Seven Years' War). It was in this series of struggles, which lasted for more than 20 years, that Frederick's military genius won him the title "The Great." Later he annexed West Prussia through the first partition of Poland.
During the first half of his rule Frederick truly made war the "national industry" of his country. His aggressive campaigns transformed Prussia from a minor state into a major power and nearly doubled the country's size by conquest and by diplomacy. Once he had satisfied his territorial ambitions Frederick undertook great public works and encouraged education, industry, and immigration. Frederick the Great died on Aug. 17, 1786, on the eve of the French Revolution, an event that shook forever the power of kings. Thus he was the last great absolute monarch in Western Europe.
_John WILLEY _________+
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_John (Jr.) WILLEY ___________|_Alice Dorcas GREENE _
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_John WILLEY ________|
| m 1729 |
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| |_Christian Caterine LEATHERS _|______________________
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_Ichabod (Sr.) WILLEY _|
| (1738 - 1828) |
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| |_Abigail DENBO ______|
| (1701 - ....) m 1729|
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_William George WILLEY ___|
| (1773 - 1852) m 1795 |
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| |_Elizabeth BUMFORD ____|
| (1744 - 1834) |
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|--Richard Pinkham WILLEY
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|_Elizabeth Pinkham DAVIS _|
(1773 - 1875) m 1795 |
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