_Edward I ("Longshanks"), King of ENGLAND _+
| (1239 - 1307) m 1254
_Edward II, King of ENGLAND __________|_Eleanor of CASTILE _______________________
| (1284 - ....) m 1308 (.... - 1290)
_Edward III, King of ENGLAND ____________|
| (1312 - 1377) m 1328 |
| | _Philip IV "The Fair", King of FRANCE _____+
| | | (1268 - 1314) m 1284
| |_Isabella "The Fair" of FRANCE _______|_Jeanne (or Joanna), Queen of NAVARRE _____
| (1292 - 1358) m 1308 (1272 - 1305)
_John of GAUNT __________________|
| (1340 - 1399) m 1396 |
| | _John II of AVESNES _______________________+
| | | (1248 - 1304) m 1270
| | _William III ("the Good") of AVESNES _|_Philippa of LUXEMBOURG ___________________
| | | (1286 - 1337) m 1305 (1252 - 1311)
| |_Philippa of HAINAUT ____________________|
| (.... - 1369) m 1328 |
| | _Charles, Count of VALOIS _________________+
| | | (1270 - 1325) m 1290
| |_Joanna (or Jane) of VALOIS __________|_Margaret of NAPLES _______________________
| (.... - 1342) m 1305 (1273 - 1299)
_John BEAUFORT ______|
| (1372 - 1410) m 1397|
| | ___________________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________________________|___________________________________________
| | |
| | _Sir Paon DE ROëT ______________________|
| | | |
| | | | ___________________________________________
| | | | |
| | | |______________________________________|___________________________________________
| | |
| |_Katherine DE ROET ______________|
| (1350 - 1403) m 1396 |
| | ___________________________________________
| | |
| | ______________________________________|___________________________________________
| | |
| |_________________________________________|
| |
| | ___________________________________________
| | |
| |______________________________________|___________________________________________
|
|
|--John BEAUFORT
| (1403 - 1444)
| _Sir Robert DE HOLAND _____________________+
| |
| _Sir Robert DE HOLAND ________________|_Elizabeth DE SALMESBURY __________________
| | (1270 - 1328) (1256 - ....)
| _Thomas DE HOLAND _______________________|
| | (1314 - 1360) m 1339 |
| | | _Alan La ZOUCHE ___________________________+
| | | | (1267 - 1314)
| | |_Maud ZOUCHE _________________________|_Eleanor SEGRAVE __________________________
| | (1289 - 1341) (.... - 1314)
| _Thomas de Holand, Earl of KENT _|
| | (1354 - 1397) m 1370 |
| | | _Edward I ("Longshanks"), King of ENGLAND _+
| | | | (1239 - 1307) m 1299
| | | _Edmund "of Woodstock", Earl Of KENT _|_Marguerite of FRANCE _____________________
| | | | (1301 - 1330) m 1325 (1282 - 1317)
| | |_Joan ("Fair Maid of Kent") PLANTAGENET _|
| | (1328 - 1385) m 1339 |
| | | _John WAKE ________________________________+
| | | | (.... - 1300)
| | |_Margaret WAKE _______________________|_Joan DE FIENNES __________________________
| | (.... - 1349) m 1325 (.... - 1309)
|_Margaret HOLLAND ___|
(1380 - 1439) m 1397|
| _Richard Fitz ALAN ________________________+
| | (1267 - 1302)
| _Sir Edmund Fitz ALAN ________________|_Alasia DE SALUZZO ________________________
| | (1285 - 1326) m 1305 (1266 - 1292)
| _Sir Richard Fitz ALAN __________________|
| | (1306 - 1376) m 1345 |
| | | _William DE WARENNE _______________________+
| | | | (1256 - 1286) m 1285
| | |_Alice DE WARENNE ____________________|_Joan DE VERE _____________________________
| | (1287 - 1338) m 1305 (1264 - 1293)
|_Alice Fitz ALAN ________________|
(1350 - 1415) m 1370 |
| _Edmund ("Crouchback"), Earl of LANCASTER _+
| | (1245 - 1296) m 1276
| _Henry, Earl of LANCASTER ____________|_Blanche of Artois, Queen of NAVARRE ______
| | (1281 - 1345) m 1297 (.... - 1302)
|_Eleanor (de Lancaster) PLANTAGENET _____|
(.... - 1372) m 1345 |
| _Patrick Chaworth, Lord of KIDWELLEY ______+
| | (1253 - 1283)
|_Maud CHAWORTH _______________________|_Isabel DE BEAUCHAMP ______________________
(1282 - ....) m 1297 (1236 - ....)
[5357] John acceeded as Duke 27 Oct 1485 and was a Knight of the Garter. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Beaufort%2C_1st_Duke_of_Somerset
_Roger LE BIGOD ___________________________+
| (.... - 1107)
_Hugh Bigod, Earl of Norfolk & SUFFOLK _|_Adeliza GRANTMESNIL ______________________
| (1095 - 1176)
_Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk & SUFFOLK _|
| (1150 - 1221) |
| | _Alberic (II) DE VERE _____________________+
| | | (.... - 1141)
| |_Juliana VERE __________________________|_Alice (Adeliza) DE CLARE _________________
| (.... - 1163)
_Hugh Bigod, Earl of PEMBROKE _|
| (.... - 1225) m 1207 |
| | _Geoffrey V ("Plantagenet"), Ct. of ANJOU _+
| | | (1113 - 1151)
| | _Hameline PLANTAGENET __________________|___________________________________________
| | | (1135 - 1202) m 1164
| |_Isabella ("Ida") PLANTAGENET ___________|
| |
| | _William (III) de Warenne, Earl of SURREY _+
| | | (1118 - 1148)
| |_Isabel DE WARREN ______________________|_Ella AKA "EVA" OR "ADELA" Talvas__________
| (1136 - 1199) m 1164 (.... - 1174)
_Hugh BIGOD _________|
| (.... - 1266) |
| | _Gilbert LE MARESCHAL _____________________+
| | | (.... - 1130)
| | _John MARSHALL _________________________|___________________________________________
| | | (.... - 1165)
| | _Sir William the MARSHAL ________________|
| | | (1146 - 1219) m 1189 |
| | | | _Walter ("the Sheriff") DE SALISBURY ______+
| | | | | (1087 - 1147)
| | | |_Sibyl DE SALISBURY ____________________|_Sibyl CHAWORTH ___________________________
| | |
| |_Maud (aka Matilda) MARSHALL __|
| (.... - 1248) m 1207 |
| | _Gilbert de Clare, Earl of PEMBROKE _______+
| | | (.... - 1148)
| | _Richard ("Strongbow") DE CLARE ________|_Isabel ("Elizabeth") DE BEAUMONT _________
| | | (1130 - 1176) m 1170
| |_Isabel DE CLARE ________________________|
| (1173 - 1220) m 1189 |
| | _Dermot MacMurrough, King of LEINSTER _____+
| | | (1110 - 1171)
| |_Eva MacMurrough, Countess of IRELAND __|_More O'TOOLE _____________________________
| (1145 - 1188) m 1170 (.... - 1191)
|
|--Roger BIGOD
|
| _Robert III DE STUTEVILLE _________________+
| | (1110 - 1186)
| _William DE STUTEVILLE _________________|___________________________________________
| | (.... - 1202)
| _Nicholas DE STUTEVILLE _________________|
| | |
| | | _Gerard DE GLANVILLE ______________________+
| | | |
| | |_Bertha DE GLANVILLE ___________________|___________________________________________
| |
| _Nicholas DE STUTEVILLE _______|
| | (.... - 1233) |
| | | ___________________________________________
| | | |
| | | ________________________________________|___________________________________________
| | | |
| | |_Gunnora DE GURNEY ______________________|
| | |
| | | ___________________________________________
| | | |
| | |________________________________________|___________________________________________
| |
|_Joan DE STUTEVILLE _|
(.... - 1276) |
| _Fergus, Lord of GALLOWAY _________________+
| | (.... - 1166)
| _Uchtred of GALLOWAY ___________________|_Elizabeth of NORMANDY ____________________
| | (.... - 1174)
| _Roland, Lord of GALLOWAY _______________|
| | (1164 - 1200) |
| | | _Waltheof, Lord of ALLERDALE ______________+
| | | |
| | |_Gunnild of DUNBAR _____________________|___________________________________________
| |
|_Devorgilla of GALLOWAY _______|
|
| ___________________________________________
| |
| _Richard DE MORVILLE ___________________|___________________________________________
| | (.... - 1189)
|_Elena (or Ela) DE MORVILLE _____________|
(.... - 1217) |
| _William I DE LANCASTER ___________________+
| | (.... - 1170)
|_Avice DE LANCASTER ____________________|_Gundred DE WARENNE _______________________
(.... - 1191)
[11887] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Bigod,_5th_Earl_of_Norfolk offers: "This earl is the hero of a famous altercation with Edward I in 1297, which arose out of the king's command that Bigod should serve against the king of France in Gascony, while he went to Flanders. The earl asserted that by the tenure of his lands he was only compelled to serve across the seas in the company of the king himself, whereupon Edward said, "By God, earl, you shall either go or hang," to which Bigod replied, 'By the same oath, O king, I will neither go nor hang.' The earl gained his point, and after Edward had left for France he and Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, prevented the collection of an aid for the war and forced Edward to confirm the charters in this year and again in 1301. William Stubbs says Bigod and Bohun 'are but degenerate sons of mighty fathers; greater in their opportunities than in their patriotism.' The earl had done good service for the King in the past. In August 1282, for instance, contemporary accounts record Bigod 'going to Wales on the king's service.' In his absence in Ireland, Bigod had sent letters nominating Reginald Lyvet and William Cadel to act as his attorney in Ireland for the year. Some scholars have wondered how English lords like Bigod and the de Clares kept such tight hold on their Irish lands during a time when the English grip on Ireland was starting to fade. Apparently part of the secret was delegation of authority, as in this case by the earl to his lieutenants Lyvet and Cadel. Roger married first Alina Basset, daughter of the justiciar Philip Basset (and widow of Hugh Despenser), and secondly Alice d'Avesnes, daughter of John II d'Avesnes, count of Hainaut. In 1302 the elderly and childless Bigod surrendered his earldom to the king and received it back entailed to the heirs of his body. This had the effect of disinheriting his brother John, and so, when the earl died without issue in December 1306, his title became extinct and his estates reverted to the crown, and were eventually bestowed on Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk." Also see "The Bigod Earls of Norfolk in the Thirteenth Century." Marc Morris (Boydell Press, 2005).
[15605] The LDS Church's IGI file lists a Moses Dow, b. 5 April 1773 in Berwick, ME to Moses Dow (d. 7 Nov 1816 in Berwick) and Hannah Gove (m. 8 Dec 1756). Moses and Abigail were members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) at Vassalborough, ME. Ancestry.com offers: "Dow Name Meaning - Scottish (also found in Ireland): reduced form of McDow. This surname is borne by a sept of the Buchanans. English: variant of Daw. Americanized spelling of Dutch Douw, an Old Frisian personal name. Americanized spelling of German Dau."
[58589]
[S283]
History of the Cobb Family by Phillip L. Cobb, 1907
_Richard ISAACKE ____+
| (1543 - 1591)
_Edward ISAACKE __________|_____________________
| (1585 - 1693) m 1605
_Richard ISAAK ______|
| (1606 - ....) m 1632|
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_Jane CHAYNEY ____________|_____________________
| (.... - 1612) m 1605
_Joseph ISAAC ________|
| m 1676 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | __________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Elizabeth SHARPE ___|
| (1612 - ....) m 1632|
| | _____________________
| | |
| |__________________________|_____________________
|
_Richard ISAAC ______|
| (1679 - 1757) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | __________________________|_____________________
| | |
| | _____________________|
| | | |
| | | | _____________________
| | | | |
| | | |__________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Jane Margaret BROWN _|
| (1647 - 1696) m 1676 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | __________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_____________________|
| |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |__________________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Richard ISAAC
| (1721 - ....)
| _Henry POTTENGER ____+
| | (1565 - ....) m 1593
| _Robert POTTENGER ________|_Elizabeth ABSOLON __
| | m 1633 (1566 - ....)
| _Robert POTTENGER ___|
| | |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_Cicely SEXTON ___________|_____________________
| | m 1633
| _John POTTINGER ______|
| | (.... - 1735) m 1686 |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | | __________________________|_____________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|
| | |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |__________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Sarah POTTENGER ____|
(1688 - 1743) |
| _____________________
| |
| _Dr. James BELL __________|_____________________
| |
| _Col. Ninian BEALL __|
| | (1625 - 1717) |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |__________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Mary BEALL __________|
(.... - 1720) m 1686 |
| _____________________
| |
| _Richard (More or) MOORE _|_____________________
| |
|_Ruth MOORE _________|
|
| _____________________
| |
|__________________________|_____________________
[4751] His father's will leaves to Richard, Jr. 250 acres of the 365 acres known as Isaac Park (the balance already having been given to son-in-law Westhall Ridgely), 110 acres known as Beale's Park, and 200 acres known as the Addition to Beale's Park. {Ref. Probate Records of Prince George's Co., MD, Liber 30, folio 691-2, which lists children, etc.} Richard Isaac, age 55, and wife Sarah, age 57 show in the 1776 census with daughters age 25, 22, 16 & 8 and with 5 Negros. Richard (Jr.), made his will 29 Sept 1791 and it was probated 25 June 1792 in Prince George's Co., MD. He was vestryman for Queen Anne Parish and Justice of the Peace. His children are Ruth (b. 1742/3), Elizabeth (b. ca. 1744), Sarah (b. ca. 1744, m. George Conn [b. 1732 to Hugh Conn and Jeane ____], Alice (m. Jonathan Church), Martha, Rachel, Jacob (b. ca. 1746), Jemima (b. ca. 1760) and Caroline Mathilda (b. ca. 1768, m. in 1795 Joseph P. Elson). "Revolutionary Patriots of Prince George's County, 1775-1783", Henry C. Peden, Jr. (Westminster, MD: Family Line Publications, 1997), p. 163: Isaac, Richard (Jan. 21, 1720/1 - 1792). Son of Richard and Sarah Isaac, of Queen Anne's Parish. Took the Oath of Allegiance before the Hon. James Beck in 1778. 'Richard Isaacs' married Sarah Jacobs. The estate of 'Richard Isaac' was probated on June 25, 1792."
[10877] Henry was commissioned into the Grenadier Guards and commanded the 3rd Battalion in the First World War. http://web.ukonline.co.uk/nigel.battysmith/Database/D0008/I8118.html states that Henry is son of Henry Ulick Lascelles, 5th Earl of Harewood, and Lady Florence Katharine Bridgeman, and provides their descendants. http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Fields/2179/Tattershall.html gives Henry's ancestry to Lord Eudo de Tateshall, Baron de Tateshall (b. by 1040).
_John LEACH ___________+
| (.... - 1845) m 1786
_David LEACH ________|_Mary SIMPSON _________
| (1791 - 1870) m 1822 (1771 - 1845)
_Joseph H. D. LEACH _|
| (1825 - 1912) m 1864|
| | _Henry DORR ___________
| | | (1762 - 1842)
| |_Dorcas D. DORR _____|_Abigail WEEKS ________
| (1801 - ....) m 1822 (.... - 1847)
_Edwin Sprague LEACH ____|
| (.... - 1954) m 1907 |
| | _Jesse Nelson BRIDGES _+
| | | (1788 - 1866) m 1811
| | _Isaac BRIDGES ______|_Ruth PERKINS _________
| | | (1815 - 1847) (1790 - 1879)
| |_Ruth BRIDGES _______|
| (1847 - 1926) m 1864|
| | _George PERKINS _______+
| | | (1777 - ....) m 1797
| |_Dorothy L. PERKINS _|_Patience WEBSTER _____
| (1816 - 1895)
_Joseph Fernald LEACH ____|
| (1913 - 1985) |
| | _______________________
| | |
| | _____________________|_______________________
| | |
| | _____________________|
| | | |
| | | | _______________________
| | | | |
| | | |_____________________|_______________________
| | |
| |_Leila Florence EMERTON _|
| (1888 - 1969) m 1907 |
| | _______________________
| | |
| | _____________________|_______________________
| | |
| |_____________________|
| |
| | _______________________
| | |
| |_____________________|_______________________
|
|
|--Harold Edwin LEACH
| (1936 - 2012)
| _______________________
| |
| _____________________|_______________________
| |
| _____________________|
| | |
| | | _______________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|_______________________
| |
| _________________________|
| | |
| | | _______________________
| | | |
| | | _____________________|_______________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|
| | |
| | | _______________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|_______________________
| |
|_Gertrude P. MCCLAUGHLIN _|
(1914 - 1989) |
| _______________________
| |
| _____________________|_______________________
| |
| _____________________|
| | |
| | | _______________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|_______________________
| |
|_________________________|
|
| _______________________
| |
| _____________________|_______________________
| |
|_____________________|
|
| _______________________
| |
|_____________________|_______________________
[23703] http://www.awt.ancestry.com offers a pedigree from which the Mure generations are taken - it shows Sir Gilchrist Mure as son of David de Moore (b. ca 1177 in Polkelly,Ayrshire; d. after 1249). For this clan, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan_Muir.
__________________________________________
|
_George William, Elector of BRANDENBURG _____________|__________________________________________
| (1595 - 1640) m 1616
_Frederick William, Elector of BRANDENBURG ___|
| (1620 - 1688) m 1646 |
| | _Frederick IV, Elector PALATINE __________
| | | (1574 - 1610)
| |_Elisabeth Charlotte of the PALATINATE ______________|_Louise Juliana VON ORANGE-NASSAU ________
| (1597 - 1660) m 1616
_Friedrich I, King of PRUSSIA ____________|
| (1657 - 1713) m 1684 |
| | _William "The Silent", Prince of ORANGE __+
| | | (1533 - 1584)
| | _Frederick Henry, Prince of ORANGE __________________|_Louise DE COLIGNY _______________________
| | | (1583 - 1647)
| |_Louise Henrietta of ORANGE __________________|
| (1627 - 1667) m 1646 |
| | __________________________________________
| | |
| |_Amalie zu SOLMS-BRAUNFELS __________________________|__________________________________________
| (1602 - 1675)
_Friedrich Wilhelm I, King of PRUSSIA _|
| (1688 - 1740) m 1706 |
| | _Wilhelm GUELPH __________________________+
| | | (1535 - 1592) m 1561
| | _George, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG ________________|_Dorothea OLDENBURG ______________________
| | | (1582 - 1641) m 1617 (1546 - 1617)
| | _Ernest Augustus, Elector of HANOVER _________|
| | | (1629 - 1698) m 1658 |
| | | | _Ludwig V (Landgrave) of HESSE-DARMSTADT _+
| | | | | (1577 - 1626)
| | | |_Anna Eleonore of HESSE-DARMSTADT ___________________|_Magdalena HOHENZOLLERN __________________
| | | (1601 - 1659) m 1617 (1582 - 1616)
| |_Sophie Charlotte of HANOVER _____________|
| (1668 - 1705) m 1684 |
| | _Frederick IV WITTELSBACH ________________+
| | | (1574 - 1610)
| | _Frederick V WITTELSBACH ____________________________|_Louise Juliana of ORANGE-NASSAU _________
| | | (1596 - 1632) m 1613 (1576 - 1644)
| |_Sophia Hanover of BOHEMIA ___________________|
| (1630 - 1714) m 1658 |
| | _James (I) STUART ________________________+
| | | (1566 - 1625) m 1589
| |_Elizabeth STUART ___________________________________|_Anne, Princess of DENMARK _______________
| (1596 - 1662) m 1613 (1574 - 1619)
|
|--Frederick II, King of PRUSSIA
| (1712 - 1786)
| _Wilhelm GUELPH __________________________+
| | (1535 - 1592) m 1561
| _George, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG ________________|_Dorothea OLDENBURG ______________________
| | (1582 - 1641) m 1617 (1546 - 1617)
| _Ernest Augustus, Elector of HANOVER _________|
| | (1629 - 1698) m 1658 |
| | | _Ludwig V (Landgrave) of HESSE-DARMSTADT _+
| | | | (1577 - 1626)
| | |_Anna Eleonore of HESSE-DARMSTADT ___________________|_Magdalena HOHENZOLLERN __________________
| | (1601 - 1659) m 1617 (1582 - 1616)
| _George (Louis) I, King of Great BRITAIN _|
| | (1660 - 1727) m 1682 |
| | | _Frederick IV WITTELSBACH ________________+
| | | | (1574 - 1610)
| | | _Frederick V WITTELSBACH ____________________________|_Louise Juliana of ORANGE-NASSAU _________
| | | | (1596 - 1632) m 1613 (1576 - 1644)
| | |_Sophia Hanover of BOHEMIA ___________________|
| | (1630 - 1714) m 1658 |
| | | _James (I) STUART ________________________+
| | | | (1566 - 1625) m 1589
| | |_Elizabeth STUART ___________________________________|_Anne, Princess of DENMARK _______________
| | (1596 - 1662) m 1613 (1574 - 1619)
|_Sophie Dorothea of Great BRITAIN _____|
(1687 - 1757) m 1706 |
| _Wilhelm GUELPH __________________________+
| | (1535 - 1592) m 1561
| _George, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG ________________|_Dorothea OLDENBURG ______________________
| | (1582 - 1641) m 1617 (1546 - 1617)
| _George William, Duke of BRUNSWICK-LüNEBURG _|
| | (1624 - 1705) |
| | | _Ludwig V (Landgrave) of HESSE-DARMSTADT _+
| | | | (1577 - 1626)
| | |_Anna Eleonore of HESSE-DARMSTADT ___________________|_Magdalena HOHENZOLLERN __________________
| | (1601 - 1659) m 1617 (1582 - 1616)
|_Sophia Dorothea of BRUNSWICK ____________|
(1666 - 1726) m 1682 |
| _Alexandre DESMIER _______________________+
| | m 1605
| _Alexandre DESMIER __________________________________|_Marie BAUDOUIN __________________________
| | (1608 - 1660) m 1631
|_Eleanor Desmier DOLBREUSE _________________|
(1639 - 1722) |
| _Joachim POUSSARD ________________________+
| |
|_Jacquette Poussard du Bas-Vandré et DE SAINT-MARC _|_Susan GAILLARD __________________________
m 1631
FREDERICK THE GREAT (1712-86; ruled 1740-86). The boy who was to become a great military leader and king of Prussia began his career hating the life of a soldier. Frederick II was born 24 January 1712, in Berlin. His father was King Frederick William I. His mother was Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, sister of George II of England.
Frederick's father insisted on a practical, military education for his son. The boy preferred music, art, and literature. He rebelled against tobacco, drinking, and hunting, which his father believed were natural pleasures of royalty. The king forbade the prince's tutors to teach him Latin, but he studied it and the classics in secret.
As Frederick became older, the relationship between father and son grew worse. Frederick's mother and his sister Wilhelmina sided with him against his father. This further enraged the stubborn king, who cared for nothing except the state of Prussia. He was horrified by the thought that this youth would one day be king and might wreck Prussia by his incompetence. He became more and more severe with his son, hitting him in public and even beating him with a cane in front of army troops.
When Frederick was 18 years old, he tried to escape the tyranny of his father by running away. Caught before he crossed the border, he was locked in solitary confinement for a time. From a window of his cell he was forced to watch the execution of his closest friend, who had accompanied him in his flight. For a time the cruel king even thought of putting his son to death as a military deserter.
After this incident young Frederick was changed. He became ruthless, crafty, and cynical. He now began training to succeed his father. Gradually the old king gave his son ever greater responsibilities. In 1733, under orders of his father, Frederick married Princess Elizabeth Christina, daughter of the duke of Brunswick-Bevern.
When he came to the throne at the age of 28, Frederick had a keen mind, a strong character, and an ambition that soon engulfed Europe in war. He was to
rule for 46 years, from 1740 to 1786. The first 23 years were devoted chiefly to warfare; the second, to peace and recovery. During the first half of his reign Frederick proved that as a soldier he had no equal. His last 23 years of rule showed that he was one of the enlightened despots of the 1700s. Frederick II worked hard. He acted as his own prime minister and treated his advisers as clerks. Yet, in his few leisure hours he wrote poetry and history. Once he invited the French philosopher Voltaire to his Potsdam palace of Sans Souci. The two soon quarreled, however. (See also Voltaire.)
Immediately after he had become king, Frederick acted on his own advice: "Take what you can; you are never wrong unless you are obliged to give it back." He seized the rich Austrian province of Silesia, which plunged most of Europe into war (see Seven Years' War). It was in this series of struggles, which lasted for more than 20 years, that Frederick's military genius won him the title "The Great." Later he annexed West Prussia through the first partition of Poland.
During the first half of his rule Frederick truly made war the "national industry" of his country. His aggressive campaigns transformed Prussia from a minor state into a major power and nearly doubled the country's size by conquest and by diplomacy. Once he had satisfied his territorial ambitions Frederick undertook great public works and encouraged education, industry, and immigration. Frederick the Great died on Aug. 17, 1786, on the eve of the French Revolution, an event that shook forever the power of kings. Thus he was the last great absolute monarch in Western Europe.
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_Conrad ROTH ________________________|
| (1680 - 1757) m 1695 |
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|--Anna Catharina ROTH
| (1710 - 1782)
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| _Johann Wilhelm BETZENDOERFER _|
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|_Catharina Elisabetha BETZENDOERFER _|
(1679 - 1749) m 1695 |
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|_Anna Sybilla CARMANN _________|
(1637 - 1710) |
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[37151] Anna is from the unverified Debbie MahanTree in Ancestry.com in 2014
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_John STEEN _________|
| (1824 - 1911) m 1847|
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|--Elias STEEN
| (1849 - 1915)
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| _William CHAMBERS ___|_________________________
| | (.... - 1809)
| _William CHAMBERS ___|
| | (1777 - 1837) |
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| _Elias CHAMBERS _____|
| | (1803 - 1838) |
| | | _Johann Peter BERG ______+
| | | | (1712 - 1793) m 1738
| | | _Johannes BARRICK ___|_Anna Catharina SCHMIDT _
| | | | (1747 - ....) (.... - 1789)
| | |_Catharine BARRICK __|
| | (1782 - 1848) |
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|_Catharine CHAMBERS _|
(1828 - 1866) m 1847|
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[44585] "The Chronicle-Telegram [Elyria, Ohio], 22 March 1915," p. 14: "Findlay, O., Mar. 22.--The body Elias Steen, 66, residing near Vanlue, was found hanging to a tree. He been dead several hours. Eleven months ago Steen's son, who had a teacher in the Philippines, returned home with his reason partly gone. He hanged himself. His father used same tree and the same limb that son did. Worry over his son's prompted the suicide."
_Henry (II) WYKE ____+
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_John (III) WYKE ____|_____________________
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_Leonard WYKE _______|
| (.... - 1626) |
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| |_Bridget WEST _______|_____________________
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_John (IV) WYKE _____|
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_Leonard WEEKS ______|
| (1633 - 1707) m 1666|
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|--Joshua WEEKS
| (1674 - 1758)
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| _John REDMAN ________|
| | (1615 - 1700) |
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|_Mary REDMAN ________|
(1649 - ....) m 1666|
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| _Edward KNIGHT ______|_____________________
| | (1560 - ....) m 1580
| _Robert KNIGHT ______|
| | (1585 - 1676) m 1608|
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| | |_Susan COLE _________|_____________________
| | (1563 - 1654) m 1580
|_Margaret KNIGHT ____|
(.... - 1658) |
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|_Margaret GRIMLEY ___|
(1587 - ....) m 1608|
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[5988] Called "Capt." in "The History of Coos County," p. 378, Joshua m. 1 Nov 1699 Comfort Hubbard and was a farmer residing at bay-side. They had 8 children. See NEHGR 39:236.