_Samuel COUSINS _____+
| (1726 - ....) m 1754
_Samuel COUSINS _____|_Susannah WATSON ____
| (1759 - 1835) m 1795 (1723 - 1810)
_Phineas N. COUSINS ______|
| (1806 - 1902) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_Pamelia ORCUTT _____|_____________________
| (1767 - 1852) m 1795
_George Norcord COUSINS _|
| (1835 - 1887) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _____________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Prudence Fisk DICKENSON _|
| (1809 - 1879) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_____________________|_____________________
|
_John Wass COUSINS ____|
| (1870 - 1928) m 1898 |
| | _____________________
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| | _____________________|_____________________
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| | __________________________|
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| | | | _____________________
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| | | |_____________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Emeline A. MERRITT _____|
| (1842 - 1909) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _____________________|_____________________
| | |
| |__________________________|
| |
| | _____________________
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| |_____________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Edgar Wass COUSINS
| (1908 - 1961)
| _____________________
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| _____________________|_____________________
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| __________________________|
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| | |_____________________|_____________________
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| _________________________|
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| | | _____________________|_____________________
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| | |__________________________|
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| | | _____________________
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| | |_____________________|_____________________
| |
|_Sadie Molita CANDAGE _|
(1881 - 1959) m 1898 |
| _____________________
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| _____________________|_____________________
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| __________________________|
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| | | _____________________
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| | |_____________________|_____________________
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|_________________________|
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| _____________________|_____________________
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|__________________________|
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| _____________________
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|_____________________|_____________________
_Sancho I Garcias, King of NAVARRE ___________+
| (0865 - 0925)
_Garcias I Sancho, King of NAVARRE _|_Toda Aznar of LARRON ________________________
| (.... - 0970)
_Sancho II Abarca, King of NAVARRE __|
| (.... - 0994) m 0962 |
| | _Galindo II AZNAR ____________________________+
| | | (.... - 0922)
| |_Andregota GALINDEZ ________________|_Sancha Garcias of NAJERRA ___________________
| (.... - 0972)
_Garcias II Sancho, King of NAVARRE _|
| |
| | _Diego MUNOZ _________________________________+
| | |
| | _Gomez DIAS ________________________|_Tigridia NUNEZ ______________________________
| | |
| |_Urraca Fernanda of CASTILE _________|
| (.... - 1007) m 0962 |
| | ______________________________________________
| | |
| |_Muniadona FERNANDEZ _______________|______________________________________________
|
_Sancho III (The Great) Garcias of NAVARRE _|
| (0980 - 1035) |
| | ______________________________________________
| | |
| | _Vermudo NUNEZ _____________________|______________________________________________
| | | (.... - 0954)
| | _Fernando VERMUDEZ __________________|
| | | |
| | | | ______________________________________________
| | | | |
| | | |____________________________________|______________________________________________
| | |
| |_Ximena (Simena) of ASTURIAS ________|
| |
| | _Muno Nunez "of Roa" of CASTILE ______________+
| | |
| | _Diego MUNOZ _______________________|_Gutierrez, husband of Muno Nunez of CASTILE _
| | |
| |_Elvira DIAZ ________________________|
| |
| | ______________________________________________
| | |
| |_Tigridia NUNEZ ____________________|______________________________________________
|
|
|--Gonzalo I DE RIBAGORZA
| (.... - 1045)
| _Gonsalo Fernández of BURGOS ________________+
| | (.... - 0932)
| _Fernan Gonsalez, Count of CASTILE _|_Muniadona Ramirez of ASTURIAS _______________
| | (.... - 0970)
| _Garcia Fernandez, Count of CASTILE _|
| | (0938 - 0995) |
| | | _Garcias INIGO _______________________________+
| | | | (.... - 0887)
| | |_Sancha of NAVARRE _________________|_Urraca, Heiress of ARAGON ___________________
| |
| _Sancho Garcias, Count of CASTILE ___|
| | (.... - 1017) |
| | | _Bernard I of RIBAGORZA ______________________+
| | | |
| | | _Raymond II of RIBAGORZA ___________|_Tota GALINDEZ _______________________________
| | | | (.... - 0970)
| | |_Aña of RIBAGORZA __________________|
| | |
| | | _William of Fezensac, Count of ARMAGNAC ______+
| | | |
| | |_Garsenda of FEZENSAC ______________|_Garsenda of TOULOUSE ________________________
| |
|_Doña Muna Elvira of CASTILE ______________|
(0995 - 1066) |
| ______________________________________________
| |
| ____________________________________|______________________________________________
| |
| _____________________________________|
| | |
| | | ______________________________________________
| | | |
| | |____________________________________|______________________________________________
| |
|_Urraca SALVADORES __________________|
(.... - 1025) |
| ______________________________________________
| |
| ____________________________________|______________________________________________
| |
|_____________________________________|
|
| ______________________________________________
| |
|____________________________________|______________________________________________
[30990] See http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalo_I_de_Ribagorza. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands offers: "Gonzalo de Navarra, son of Sanco III 'el Mayor' King of Navarre & his wife Munia Mayor de Castilla (-murdered Monclus 26 Jun 1045, bur San Victorian). 'Sancius. . . rex' recommended the rule of St Benedict to the monastery of Leire by charter dated 21 Oct 1022, subscribed by 'Eximina regina mater regis, Regina domna Muma, Garsia et Ranimirus, Gundesalbus et Fernandus'. Under the division of territories organised by his father prior to his death, he received Sobrarbe and Ribagorza in north Aragon, succeeding in 1035 as Gomzalo King of Sobrarbe and Ribagorza. His half-brother Ramiro I King of Aragon defeated him and annexed Sobrarbe and Ribagorza. The Crónica de San Juan de Peña states that Gonzalo was killed 'en el puent de Monclus' and buried 'en Sant Vitorian'. The end 13th century 'Crònica d´Alaó Renovada' records that 'rex Sancius Pampilonensis...filium suum Gonzaldum' was installed by his father 'in Rippacurtiam...comitem in ibi' but was killed 'apud Alascorre.'"
_____________________
|
_Robert ELWELL ______|_____________________
| (.... - 1683)
_Isaac ELWELL _______|
| (1641 - 1715) m 1665|
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_Joanne DOLLIVER ____|_____________________
| (1600 - 1675)
_Eleazer ELWELL _____|
| (1673 - ....) |
| | _Henry MYLLET _______+
| | | (.... - 1630)
| | _Thomas MILLETT _____|_Joice CHAPMAN ______
| | | (1605 - 1676) (1577 - 1628)
| |_Mehitable MILLETT __|
| (1641 - 1699) m 1665|
| | _John GREENAWAY _____
| | |
| |_Mary GREENAWAY _____|_____________________
| (1606 - 1683)
_David ELWELL _______|
| (1703 - 1732) m 1727|
| | _____________________
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| | _____________________|_____________________
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| | _____________________|
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| | | | _____________________
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| | | |_____________________|_____________________
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| |_____________________|
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| | _____________________
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| | _____________________|_____________________
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| |_____________________|
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| | _____________________
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| |_____________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Loruhanna ELWELL
| (1730 - 1795)
| _____________________
| |
| _____________________|_____________________
| |
| _John MARINER _______|
| | (.... - 1717) |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|_____________________
| |
| _John MARINER _______|
| | (1682 - 1748) m 1708|
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | | _____________________|_____________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|
| | |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|_____________________
| |
|_Sarah MARINER ______|
(1709 - 1732) m 1727|
| _John SAWYER ________+
| | (1582 - 1660) m 1605
| _Edward SAWYER ______|_Agnes SHARPE _______
| | (1608 - 1703) m 1654 (1583 - 1634)
| _James SAWYER _______|
| | (1632 - 1703) m 1670|
| | | _Joseph PEASLEE _____
| | | | (1600 - 1660) m 1625
| | |_Mary PEASLEY _______|_Mary JOHNSON _______
| | (1610 - 1693) m 1654 (1604 - 1694)
|_Sarah SAWYER _______|
(1683 - 1724) m 1708|
| _____________________
| |
| _Thomas BRAY ________|_____________________
| | (1604 - 1691) m 1646
|_Sarah BRAY _________|
(1651 - 1727) m 1670|
| _John WILSON ________
| | (1625 - 1687)
|_Mary WILSON ________|_____________________
(.... - 1707) m 1646
[38882] This person is from the unverified Loretta's Family Tree in Ancestry.com in 2015.
_George GARDINER _____+
| (1509 - 1536)
_George GARDINER __________|_Margaret NEVILLE ____
| (1537 - 1589) (.... - 1559)
_Thomas GARDNER _____|
| |
| | _Robert CONSTABLE ____
| | | (1510 - ....) m 1535
| |_Dorothy CONSTABLE ________|_Dorothy WIDDRINGTON _
| (1520 - 1583)
_Thomas GARDNER _____|
| (1591 - 1674) |
| | _John WHITE __________+
| | | (.... - 1579)
| | _John WHITE _______________|_Mildred WESTON ______
| | | (1550 - 1618) (.... - 1567)
| |_Elizabeth WHITE ____|
| (1564 - 1648) |
| | _John BAWLE __________
| | | (1526 - 1567)
| |_Isabel (Elizabeth) BAWLE _|_Rosana MCILHENY _____
| (1552 - 1601) (1526 - 1588)
_Richard GARDNER ____|
| (1621 - 1686) m 1652|
| | ______________________
| | |
| | ___________________________|______________________
| | |
| | _____________________|
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| | | | ______________________
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| | | |___________________________|______________________
| | |
| |_Margaret FRIER _____|
| |
| | ______________________
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| | ___________________________|______________________
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| |_____________________|
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| | ______________________
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| |___________________________|______________________
|
|
|--Nathaniel GARDNER
| (1665 - 1713)
| ______________________
| |
| ___________________________|______________________
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| _____________________|
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| | | ______________________
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| | |___________________________|______________________
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| _____________________|
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| | | ______________________
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| | | ___________________________|______________________
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| | |_____________________|
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| | | ______________________
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| | |___________________________|______________________
| |
|_Sarah SHATTUCK _____|
(1632 - 1724) m 1652|
| ______________________
| |
| ___________________________|______________________
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| _____________________|
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| | | ______________________
| | | |
| | |___________________________|______________________
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|_____________________|
|
| ______________________
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| ___________________________|______________________
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|_____________________|
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|___________________________|______________________
[22179] http://hometown.aol.com/Gardner476/Salem1.html in 2003 provides his line, but is not verified. He could not have been born in the same year as his sister.
[17624] Joseph is son of Jacob Henshaw and Barbara Shelby according to an unverified posting in rootsweb.com which lists their children, including Martha Drusilla Henshaw (b. 14 June 1859, d. 3 July 1892, m. at Emmanuel Lutheran Church, Prospect, PA to William L. Albert). The census of 12 July 1870 at Prospect, Butler Co., PA lists Joseph, age 46, a shoemaker, with wife Jane, age 38, and children William (17 - a laborer), Henry (14), Susane [sic] (13) and Margaret (12). One World Tree at Ancestry.com in 2007 proposes his death date as 1 Jan 1870 in Butler Co., PA (not verified). Joseph was a lumberman and a shoemaker. He m. 26 Sept 1850 in PA to Susannah Jane Dunn (b. 28 Sept 1831 in PA). Another web site states Joseph is son of Jacob Henshaw, a farmer in Muddycreek Twp., Butler Co., PA (b. 25 Dec 1780 in PA, d. 3 March 1869 in Butler Co., PA), and his wife Barbara Shelby (b. 1 Feb 1785 in PA, d. 9 April 1858 in Butler Co., PA). Ancestry.com offers: "Henshaw Name Meaning - habitational name from a place in Northumberland, so called from the genitive case of the Old English personal name Heðin (from a short form of the rare compound names formed with h?ð heath as the first element) + Old English halh nook, recess. habitational name from a place in the parish of Prestbury, Cheshire, and from a lost place in southeastern Lancashire, both named from Middle English hen hen + shaw wood. The name de Henneshagh occurs at Rochdale as early as 1325."
__
|
_Richard LLEWYS _____|__
| (1520 - 1546)
_Edward Lewis LEACH _|
| (1535 - ....) |
| | __
| | |
| |_____________________|__
|
_Richard LEACH ______|
| (1551 - 1634) |
| | __
| | |
| | _Thomas JONES _______|__
| | | (1508 - ....)
| |_Margaret JONES _____|
| (1535 - ....) |
| | __
| | |
| |_____________________|__
|
_Lawrence LEACH _____|
| (1583 - 1662) m 1605|
| | __
| | |
| | _____________________|__
| | |
| | _____________________|
| | | |
| | | | __
| | | | |
| | | |_____________________|__
| | |
| |_Ann YATE ___________|
| (1555 - 1612) |
| | __
| | |
| | _____________________|__
| | |
| |_____________________|
| |
| | __
| | |
| |_____________________|__
|
|
|--Giles LEACH
| (1631 - 1705)
| __
| |
| _____________________|__
| |
| _____________________|
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| | | __
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| | |_____________________|__
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| _____________________|
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| | |_____________________|
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| | |_____________________|__
| |
|_Elizabeth MILEHAM __|
(1585 - 1674) m 1605|
| __
| |
| _____________________|__
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| _____________________|
| | |
| | | __
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| | |_____________________|__
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|_____________________|
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| _____________________|__
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|_____________________|
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|_____________________|__
[41844] The unverified Christine Bergstrom Family Tree in Ancestry.com in 2016 offers: "Giles Leach was born in 1631 in Salem, Massachusetts, the child of Lawrence and Elizabeth. He married Anne Nokes on January 20, 1656, in Weymouth, Massachusetts. . . . He died in 1705 in Bridgewater, Massachusetts, at the age of 74. Anne Nokes was born in 1631 in Salem, Massachusetts. . . . . She died in 1705 in West Bridgewater, Massachusetts, at the age of 74." Find A Grave memorial 75692447 offers: "The town granted him 4 acres in the First Div. and 12 acres in the 2nd Div. December 14, 1663 (Weymouth land grants). He owned sixteen acres of land at Weymouth in 1663, moved to and settled in Bridgewater in 1664, where he became entitled, by purchase, to one of the 56 shares of the thousands of acres of land bought in 1645 of the old Indian Chief, Massasoit (King Philip's father), by Capt. Miles Standish, Samuel Nash and Constant Southworth, for the use of the 56 original proprietors. The first mention of him in the Bridgewater records he is styled 'Goodman', which fact suggests that he was then a prominent and esteemed member of the Bridgewater church, and head man of the 4th seat by the pulpit, which was among the places of honor of the sanctuary. Places of distinction were not assigned in those days to the undeserving or out of favoritism. He took an active part in the municipal affairs, and was elected constable on May 27, 1689 and was elected as surveyor of the lands several times. By virtue of his proprietary right in Bridgewater, he became a large land holder. His home was in the immediate vicinity of Satucket Pond, the haunt of King Philip and his tribe, and he was on friendly terms with him. In a deed dated 31 December 1702, Giles Leach gave land to 'my yungest son Benjamin Leach ...' (Plymouth Co LR 5:6)."
_Roger DE MOWBRAY ______________________+
| (.... - 1266)
_Roger DE MOWBRAY _________________________|_Maud DE BEAUCHAMP _____________________
| (1257 - 1297)
_John DE MOWBRAY _____________________|
| (1286 - 1322) m 1298 |
| | _Sir William the MARSHAL _______________+
| | | (1146 - 1219) m 1189
| |_Agnes (Rose) CLARE _______________________|_Isabel DE CLARE _______________________
| (1252 - 1316) (1173 - 1220)
_John DE MOWBRAY ______|
| (1310 - 1361) |
| | _William I DE BRAOSE ___________________+
| | | (.... - 1291)
| | _William II DE BRAOSE _____________________|_Alina DE MULTON _______________________
| | | (.... - 1326)
| |_Avila (or Aline) DE BRAOS ___________|
| (1286 - 1331) m 1298 |
| | ________________________________________
| | |
| |_Elizabeth DE SULLY _______________________|________________________________________
| (1263 - 1328)
_John DE MOWBRAY ______|
| (1340 - 1368) |
| | _Henry III, King of ENGLAND ____________+
| | | (1207 - 1272) m 1237
| | _Edmund ("Crouchback"), Earl of LANCASTER _|_Eleanor of PROVENCE ___________________
| | | (1245 - 1296) m 1276 (1217 - 1291)
| | _Henry, Earl of LANCASTER ____________|
| | | (1281 - 1345) m 1297 |
| | | | _Robert, Count of ARTOIS _______________+
| | | | | (1216 - 1250) m 1237
| | | |_Blanche of Artois, Queen of NAVARRE ______|_Matilda of BRABANT ____________________
| | | (.... - 1302) m 1276 (1224 - 1288)
| |_Joan PLANTAGENET _____|
| |
| | _Patrick DE CHAWORTH ___________________+
| | | (.... - 1258) m 1244
| | _Patrick Chaworth, Lord of KIDWELLEY ______|_Hawyse DE LONDRES _____________________
| | | (1253 - 1283) (.... - 1274)
| |_Maud CHAWORTH _______________________|
| (1282 - ....) m 1297 |
| | _William DE BEAUCHAMP __________________+
| | | (1237 - ....)
| |_Isabel DE BEAUCHAMP ______________________|_Maud Fitzjohn Fitz PIERS ______________
| (1236 - ....)
|
|--Thomas MOWBRAY
| (1366 - 1400)
| _Nicholas SEGRAVE ______________________+
| | (1237 - 1295)
| _John DE SEGRAVE __________________________|_Maud LACY _____________________________
| | (1256 - 1325) (1230 - 1304)
| _Stephen DE SEGRAVE __________________|
| | (.... - 1325) |
| | | ________________________________________
| | | |
| | |_Christiana DE PLESSETIS __________________|________________________________________
| | (1263 - 1331)
| _John DE SEGRAVE ______|
| | (1315 - 1353) |
| | | ________________________________________
| | | |
| | | ___________________________________________|________________________________________
| | | |
| | |_Alice (FitzAlan) DE ARUNDEL _________|
| | (1282 - 1325) |
| | | ________________________________________
| | | |
| | |___________________________________________|________________________________________
| |
|_Elizabeth DE SEGRAVE _|
(1338 - 1368) |
| _Henry III, King of ENGLAND ____________+
| | (1207 - 1272) m 1237
| _Edward I ("Longshanks"), King of ENGLAND _|_Eleanor of PROVENCE ___________________
| | (1239 - 1307) m 1299 (1217 - 1291)
| _Thomas Plantagenet, Earl of NORFOLK _|
| | (1300 - 1338) |
| | | _Philip III "The Bold", King of FRANCE _+
| | | | (1245 - 1285)
| | |_Marguerite of FRANCE _____________________|_Marie of BRABANT ______________________
| | (1282 - 1317) m 1299 (.... - 1321)
|_Margaret PLANTAGENET _|
(.... - 1399) |
| ________________________________________
| |
| ___________________________________________|________________________________________
| |
|_Alice HALES _________________________|
|
| ________________________________________
| |
|___________________________________________|________________________________________
[20869] Duplicated as Sir Thomas Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk in this database. http://www.mowfam.freeserve.co.uk/page34.htm offers in 2003: "Thomas Mowbray - born 22 March 1365/6 (1366 in our present system), Thomas was of the blood royal through his mother, who as noted earlier, was descended from Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk and a son of Edward I. This was the first son of the family to be named Thomas and it is said his mother had him baptised so to mark her special reverence for St. Thomas of Canterbury, murdered in that cathedral as Thomas a'Becket. Aged 17 on the death of his elder brother, Thomas inherited, in addition to great Mowbray barony in which were merged those of de Brewes and Segrave, the expectation of the still more splendid heritage of the Bigod family, previous Earls of Norfolk. Thomas and the future Richard II had been boyhood companions. By charter of 12 February 1383, Richard II revived in favour of his young cousin the title of Earl of Nottingham which Thomas's brother had borne. Before October 1383, Thomas was given the Garter made vacant by the death of old Sir John Burley. In the summer of 1385 thomas was present in the expedition against the Scots which the king conducted in person. On the eve of departure, Thomas was conferred with the office for life of Earl Marshall of England. This office passed down through his descendants, and through the Howard line of his daughter Margaret (q.v.) so that the present-day Duke of Norfolk still retains the office. On the march northwards through Yorkshire, Thomas, with many English knights in witness, confirmed his ancestor Roger de Mowbray's charter of land to Byland Abbey. Barely twenty years of age when the nobles rebelled at Court in October 1386, Thomas had been much in the company that year of the similarly-aged king. His name does not appear amongst those of the rebels, although he had married in 1385 a sister of Thomas, Earl of Arundel, who was the chief author of the revolution. In March 1387 he participated in the naval victory achieved by Arundel over the French, Flemings and Spaniards. He did not however accompany Arundel in the subsequent conquest of the castle of Brest The two were received vey coldly by the Richard II when they predented themselves to report success, so they retired to their estates to get out of harm's way. Relations were obviously very strained between the cousins at the time, because Thomas was one of those whose destruction the king and his favourite, the Duke of Ireland, plotted after Easter. Yet Thomas does not seem to have taken any part in the armed demonstration in November by which Gloucester, Arundel and Warwick extorted from Richard a promise that his advisers should be brought before Parliament. It was not until the after the three lords had had fled from the court, and the Duke of Ireland was approaching with an army to relieve the king from constraint, that Thomas followed the example of Derby and appeared in arms with Derby and the other three lords at Huntingdon on 12 December 1387. Even now, if we can trust the story which Thomas and Derby told ten years later (when they were assisting Richard in bringing their old associates into account for these proceedings) they showed themselves more moderate than their elders. They claimed to have secured the rejection of Arundel's plan to capture and depose the king. The five confederates marched instead into Oxfordshire to intercept the Duke of Ireland before he could pass the river Thames. They divided their forces for the purpose on 20 December, and Thomas, like some of the others,seemingly did not come up in time to take part with Derby and Gloucester in the actual fighting at Radcot Bridge, from which the Duke of Ireland only escaped by swimming! The victors returned through Oxford, with Arundel and Thomas bringing up the rear. After spending Christmas Day at St. Albans they reached London on 26 December and encamped in the fields at Clerkenwell. As the London populace was siding with the formidable host encamped outside the city walls, the mayor opened the gates to the lords. they insisted on an interview with Richard in the Tower of London, and entered his presence with linked arms. the helpless young king consented to meet them next day at Westminster, and asked them to sup and stay the night with him, in a token of goodwill. Gloucester refused but Richard succeeded in keeping Derby and Thomas to supper. Next day they formally accused the king's favourites of treason at Westminster, and Richard was forced to order their arrest. As one of the five appellants Thomas took part in the so-called Merciless Parliament which met 3 February 1388. On 10 March, as Marshall, he was joined by Gloucester, as Constable, to hear a suit between Matthew Gournay and Louis de Sancerre, Constable of France. In the early months of 1389 he is said to have been sent against the Scots, who were ravaging Northumberland, but being entrusted with only 500 lances he did not venture an encounter with the Scottish force of 30,000. On 3 May of the same year, Richard shook off the tutelage of of the appellants, and Thomas and the others were removed from the Privy Council. But once his own master, Richard showed particular anxiety to conciliate the Earl Marshall, giving him overdue (Thomas being 23) livery of his lands, and a week later placing him on a commission appointed to negotiate a truce with Scotland. The great possessions of Thomas in the north, as well his grandfather's career in a similar capacity, must have suggested this employment. On 1 June, therefore, he was constituted warden of the East Marches (the eastern area on the English side of the Border), captain of Berwick-on-Tweed, and constable of Roxburgh Castle for a term of two years. By the middle of September both he and Derby had been restored to their places at the council board, which a month later was the scene of a hot dispute between Richard and his new chancellor, William of Wykeham, who resisted Richard's proposal to grant a large pension to Thomas. Whatever may have been the king's real feelings towards Gloucester and Arundel at this time, it was obviously to his interest to attach the younger and less prominent appellants to himself. Thomas was continuously employed in the service of the state and entrusted with responsible commands. On 28 June 1390, he was associated with the Treasurer, John Gilbert, Bishop of St. David's, and others to obtain redress from the Scots for recent infractions of the truce. In 1391 in an exchange of posts between him and the Earl of Northumberland, the latter returned to the office of Warden of the Marches, while Thomas Mowbray took the captaincy of Calais. In November 1392, this office was renewed to him for six years together with that of lieutenant of the king in Calais, Picardy, Flanders and Artois for the same term. On 12 January 1394, Richard II recognized Thomas' just and hereditary right to bear for his crest a golden leopard with a crown ( in addition to the Mowbray coat of arms). In March of that year Thoams was appointed chief justice of North Wales, and two months later justice of Chester and Flint. That September, Thomas accompanied Richard to Ireland, and on his retutn was commissioned with others to negotiate a long truce with France and a marriage for the king with Isabella, daughter of Charles VI of France. He was present at the costly wedding festivities at Calais in October 1396. Thomas thus closely indentified himself with the French connection, which by its baneful influence on Richard's character and policy, and its unpopularity in the country contributed more than anything else to hastening his misfortunes. In the parliament of January 1397, Richard gave thomas another signal proof of his favour by an express recognition of the Earl-Marshalship of England as hereditary in the Mowbray family, and permission to bear a golden truncheon on his arms, bearing the royal arms on the upper side and his own on the lower. At the same time Thomas secured a victory in a personal quarrel with the Earl of Warwick, whose father had, in1352, obtained legal recognition of his claim to lordship of Gower, a part of the Mowbray inheritance. this judgement was reversed in Thomas' favour. Thomas was out of England from the end of February until the latter part of June on a froeign mission, but returned to serve as one of the instruments of Richard's revenge on Gloucester, Arundel and Warwick, his fellow-appellants of 1388. how far Thomas' conduct was justifiable is a matter of opinion, but it is not unnatural. He was the last to join the appellants and probably the first to be rconciled to the king, and now for eight years had been loaded with exceptional favours. He had long drifted apart from his old associates, and with one was at open enmity. It must be confessed too that he was a considerable gainer by the destruction of his old friends. According to the king's story, thomas and seven other young courtiers, all of whom were related to the royal family, advised Richard to arrest Gloucester, Arundel and Warwick on 8 and 9 July. At Nottingham on 5 August, they agreed to appeal them of treason in the parliament which had been summoned to meet at Westminster on 21 September. Thomas was present when Richard in person arrested Gloucester at his castle of Pleshy in Essex, and it was to his care as captain of Calais that the duke was consigned. He may have himself conducted his prisoner to Calais, but his prescence at Nottingham on 5 August proves he did not mount guard personally throughout the imprisonment. He had for some time been performing his duties at Calais by deputy. On Friday 21 September, Thomas and his fellow-appellants "in red silk robes, banded with white silk and powdered with letters of gold", renewed in parliament the appeal they had made at Nottingham. Arundel was forthwith tried, condemned and beheaded on Tower Hill. Popular belief as early as 1399 has it that Thomas led Arundel (his father-in-law) to execution, bandaged his eyes and performed the act, but he official record has it that the despatching was carried out by Thomas' lieutenant. On the same day, the king issued a writ, addresses to Thomas as captain of Calais, or his deputy, to bring up the Duke of Gloucester before parliament to answer the charges of the appellants.Parliament seems to have been adjourned to Monday 24 September, when Thomas' answer was read, curtly intimating he could produce the duke, as he had died in his custody at Calais. Next day a confession, purporting to have been made by Gloucester, was read in parliament, and the dead man was found guilty of treason. the whole affair is shrouded in mystery, and there is a strong suspicion that Richard and Thomas were responsible for Gloucester's death, as shortly after the accession of Henry IV, a certain John Hall, servant to Thomas (who was by then dead), being arrested as an accomplice in the murder of Gloucester, deposed in writing to parliament that he had been called from his bed by Thomas one night in September 1397, had been informed that the king had ordered Gloucester to be murdered, and had been enjoined to be present with other esquires and servants of Thomas and of the Earl of Rutland. Hall had at first refused, but Thomas struck him on the head and said that he should obey or die. He then took an oath of secrecy with eight other squires and yoemen, whose names he gave, in the church of Notre-Dame in the presence of his master. Thomas then took them to a hostelry called Prince's Inn, and there left them. Gloucester was handed over to them by John Lovetot, and was suffocated under a feather bed. Hall was at once condemned, without being produced, and executed. However, Thomas' guilt is not proved, though the balance of evidence is against him. His services, whatever their extent, were rewarded on 28 September 1397 by a grant of the greater part of the Arundel estates in Sussex and Surrey, and of seventeen of the Earl of Warwick's manors in the midlands. The commons representing to the king that Derby and Thomas had been "innocent of malice" in their appeal of 1388, Richard vouched for their loyalty. On 29 September, Thomas was created Duke of Norfolk, and his grandmother Margaret, Countess of Norfolk, was at the same time created Duchess of Norfolk for her life. But new wealth and honours did not render Norfolk's position inviolable. the king was vindictive by nature, and had not forgotten that Norfolk was once his enemy; heafterwards declared that thomas had not persued the appeal of his old friends with such zeal as those who had never turned their coats. At the same time the inner circle of the king's confidantes - the Earl of Kent (now Duke of Surrey), sir William le Scrope (now Earl of Wiltshire), and the Earl of Salisbury were urging the king to rid himself of all who had ever been his enemies. Thoams is said to confided his fears to Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford (and the future Henry IV) as they rode From Brentford to London in December 1397. Richard was informed of Norfolk's language; obtained from Hereford, who prbably was jealous of Thomas' power, obtained a written account of the interview with norfolk, and summoned both parties to to appear before the adjourned parliament, which was to meet at Shrewsbury on 30 January 1398. Hereford appears to have accompanied the king on his way to Shrewsbury, for on 25 January, Richard gave him a full pardon for all treasons and other offences of which he may have been guilty in the past. Thomasw did not appear to answer the charges which Hereford then presented against him, and on 4 February, the king ordered his sheriffs to proclaim that he must appear within fifteen days. At Oswestry on 23 February, Norfolk was present and gave full denial to the charges, and it was settled by the king and council at Bristol that unless sufficient proofs of guilt were forthcoming in the meantime, the matter should be referred to a court of chivalry at Windsor. The court met on the day appointed, and decided that the matter should be settled by trial of battle at Coventry on 16 September. The lists were prepared at Gosford Green outside the city, and on the day the combatents duly appeared. they were both magnificently arrayed, Thomas, we are told having secured his armour from Germany, and Hereford's being a present from Gian Galeaxzo of Milan. Before they joined issue, however, the king took the battle into his own hands, on the grounds that treason was in question, and that it was undesirable that royal blood should be dishonoured by the defeat of either. Richard then decided that inasmuch as Thomas had confessed at Windsor to some of the charges which he had repelled at Oswestry, and was thus self-convicted of conduct which was likely to have roused great trouble in the kingdom, he should quit the realm before the octaves of of St. Edward, to take up his residence in Germany, Bohemia and Hungary, and "pass the great sea in pilgrimage". He was to go nowhere else in Christendom on pain of incurring the penalties of treason. Hereford was banished to France for ten years, and communication between them was expressly forbidden. the same veto was laid upon all intercourse with Archbishop Arundel. Thomas' share of the lands of Arundel and Warwick, and all his offices were were declared forfeited, because he had resisted the abrogation of of the acts of the 'Merciless Parliament', and failed in his duty as an appellant. the rest of his estates were to be taken into the king's hands, and the revenues, after paying him 1,000 pounds a year, were devoted to covering the heavy losses in which it was alleged his maladministration of his governorship of Calais had involved the king. Next day his office of Marshal of England was granted to the king's nephew, Thomas Holland, Duke of Surrey. On 3 October the king ordered his admirals to allow free passage to Norfolk from any port between Scarborough and Orwell; licensed the duke to take with him a suite of 40 persons, 1,000 pounds in money, with jewels, plate and harness, and issued a general request to all princes and nations to allow him safe-conduct. A few days later, Thomas took ship near Lowestoft, for Dordrecht, in the presence of several country gentry, who testified to the fact, and added that by sunset he was six leagues and more fro that port, and was favoured with with "bon vent et swef". Of the subsequent wanderings of the banished Thomas Mowbray, we know no more than that he reached Venice, where on 18 February 1399 the senate, at the request of King Richard, granted him (disguised in their notes as the Duke of 'Gilforth') the loan of a galley for his intended visit to the Holy Sepulchre. He induced some private Venetians to advance him money for his journey, on the express undertaking, inserted in his will, that their claims should rank above all others. On the death of Thomas' grandmother, Richard revoked the law by which Thomas had been able to receive inheritances by attorney, and thus prevented him from enjoying - even in exile - the revenue of the old Bigod (earls of Norfolk prior to Edward I ) estates. It cannot be regarded as certain that he ever made his journey to Palestine, for he died at Venice on 22 September of the same year (1399). the register of Newburgh Priory says, however, that it was after his return from the Holy Land, and that he died of the plague. He was buried in Venice, and through his son John left instructions in his will that his ashes should be brought to England. Nothing seems to have been done until his descendant, Thomas Howard, third Duke of Norfolk, preferred a request for them to the Ventian authorities in December 1532 through the Venetian ambassador in London. Thomas left lands in most counties of England and Wales, whose mere enumeration fills eleven closely printed folio pages in the 'Inquisitiones Post Mortem'. He was twice-married. his first wife, Elizabeth, dau. of John/Roger(?), Lord Strange of Blackmere, died almost immediately and in 1385 he married Lady Elizabeth Fitz-Alan dau of Richard, Earl of Arundel, sister and co-heir of Thomas, Earl of Arundel and widow of William de Montacute, by whom he had issue: 1. Thomas who simply bore the title of Earl Marshal. 2 John, restored as Duke of Norfolk. 3 Isabel, through whom the title of earl of Nottingham eventually passed to the Berkeleys. 4 Margaret, through whome the title of duke of Norfolk eventually passed to the Howards. 5 Elizabeth, whose issue became extinct." {See Faris, David. Plantagenet Ancestry.} Cf. http://www.thepeerage.com/p98.htm and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Mowbray,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk.
_Robert WHITCOMB _________+
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_Israel WHITCOMB _________|_Mary Elizabeth CUDWORTH _
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_Israel WHITCOMB ____|
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_Israel WHITCOMB ____|
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| | _Ebenezer KENT ___________|_Hannah GRISWOLD _________
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| | | |_Deborah Chubbuck HERSEY _|__________________________
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|--Israel WHITCOMB
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| _Aaron PRATT _____________|_Mary PRIEST _____________
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| _Aaron PRATT ________|
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| | | _Robert WHITCOMB _________+
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| | | _Israel WHITCOMB _________|_Mary Elizabeth CUDWORTH _
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| | | _Samuel STODDER __________+
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| | |_Mary STODDER ____________|_Elizabeth GILL __________
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| |_Abigail PERKINS ______|
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| _George STOVER ______+
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| _Joseph STOVER ______|_Abigail ELWELL _____
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| | |_Sarah FREEMAN ______|_Alice PENIWELL _____
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| _Samuel WEEKS _______+
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| _John WEEKS _________|_Elinor HAINES ______
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