_Louis XIV, King of FRANCE ___________+
| (1638 - 1715) m 1660
_Louis, Dauphin of FRANCE ___|_Marie-Therese of SPAIN ______________
| (1661 - 1711) m 1680 (1638 - 1683)
_Louis of FRANCE _________|
| (1682 - 1712) m 1697 |
| | ______________________________________
| | |
| |_Mary Anne of BAVARIA _______|______________________________________
| (1660 - 1690) m 1680
_Louis XV, King of FRANCE __|
| (1710 - 1774) m 1725 |
| | _Philip, Duke of ORLEANS _____________+
| | | (1640 - 1701) m 1661
| | _Anne Marie D'ORLéANS ______|_Henrietta Anne, Princess of ENGLAND _
| | | (1669 - 1728) (1644 - 1670)
| |_Maria Adelaine of SAVOY _|
| (1685 - 1712) m 1697 |
| | _Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of SAVOY __+
| | | (1634 - 1675)
| |_Victor Amadeus II of SAVOY _|_Marie Jeanne of SAVOY _______________
| (1666 - 1732)
_Louis, Dauphin of FRANCE _|
| (1729 - 1765) |
| | ______________________________________
| | |
| | _____________________________|______________________________________
| | |
| | __________________________|
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| | | | ______________________________________
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| | | |_____________________________|______________________________________
| | |
| |_Maria Leczinska of POLAND _|
| (1703 - 1768) m 1725 |
| | ______________________________________
| | |
| | _____________________________|______________________________________
| | |
| |__________________________|
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| |_____________________________|______________________________________
|
|
|--Louis XVI, King of FRANCE
| (1754 - 1793)
| ______________________________________
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| _____________________________|______________________________________
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| | |_____________________________|______________________________________
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|_Marie-Josephe DE SAXE ____|
(1731 - 1767) |
| ______________________________________
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| _____________________________|______________________________________
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Louis XVI (1754-93), king of France (1774-92), who lost his throne in the French Revolution and was later beheaded by the revolutionary regime. Louis was born at Versailles on August 23, 1754, the grandson of Louis XV. The deaths of his two elder brothers and of his father, only son of Louis XV, made the young prince the Dauphin of France in 1765. In 1770 he married Marie Antoinette, youngest daughter of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria. On Louis's accession, France was impoverished and burdened with debts, and heavy taxation had resulted in widespread misery among the French people. Immediately after he was crowned, aided by such capable statesmen as Finance Minister Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, baron de l'Aulne, Interior Minister Chrétien Guillaume de Lamoignon de Malesherbes (1721-94), and Foreign Minister Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes (1717-87), Louis remitted some of the most oppressive taxes and instituted
financial and judicial reforms. Greater reforms were prevented, however, by the opposition of the upper classes and the court. So strong was this opposition that in 1776 Turgot was forced to resign and was replaced by financier Jacques Necker.
After Louis granted financial aid (1778-81) to the American colonies revolting against Great Britain in the New World, Necker proposed drastic taxes on the nobility. He was forced to resign in 1781, and statesman Charles Alexandre de Calonne (1734-1802), appointed finance minister in 1783, borrowed money for the court until 1786, when the borrowing limit was reached. The anger of the French people against taxes and the lavish spending of the court resulted in 1788 in the recall of Necker, who, however, could not prevent the bankruptcy of the government. In 1788 Louis was forced to call for a meeting of the representative governmental body
called the Estates-General, the first gathering of that assembly in 175 years. Once in session, the Estates-General assumed the powers of government. On July 14, 1789, the Parisian populace razed the Bastille, and a short time later imprisoned the king and royal family in the palace of the Tuileries. In 1791 the royal family attempted to escape to Austria, but they were caught and brought back to Paris. Louis swore obedience to the new French constitution in 1791, but continued secretly to work against the revolution and to plot intrigues with France's enemies. In 1792, when the National Convention, the assembly of elected French
deputies, declared France a republic, the king was tried as a traitor and condemned to death. Louis XVI was guillotined on January 21, 1793, in the Place de la Révolution (now Place de la Concorde) in Paris.
Historians consider Louis XVI a victim of circumstances rather than a despot similar to the former French kings Louis XIV and Louis XV. He was weak and incapable as king and not overly intelligent. He preferred to spend his time at hobbies, such as hunting and making locks, rather than at his duties of state, and he permitted his wife to influence him unduly.
[36264] This person is from the unverified Mawhorter tree in Ancestry.com in 2014.
_Samuel HUTCHINS ____+
| (1705 - 1755) m 1729
_David Williams HUTCHINS _|_Mercy WILLIAMS _____
| (1746 - 1822) m 1772 (1711 - 1796)
_Emery HUTCHINS _____|
| (1777 - 1813) m 1802|
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_Mary Munroe EMERY _______|_____________________
| (1751 - 1845) m 1772
_Perkins HUTCHINS ___|
| (1811 - 1886) m 1831|
| | _____________________
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| | __________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Sarah ALLEN ________|
| (1781 - 1855) m 1802|
| | _____________________
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| |__________________________|_____________________
|
_Benjamin Franklin HUTCHINS _|
| (1845 - 1919) m 1866 |
| | _____________________
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| | __________________________|_____________________
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| |_Mary Wing BUNKER ___|
| (1811 - 1892) m 1831|
| | _____________________
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| | __________________________|_____________________
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|
|--Harry Clinton HUTCHINS
| (1869 - ....)
| _____________________
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|_Sarah Augusta ABBEE ________|
(1846 - 1931) m 1866 |
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_____________________|_____________________
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_Christian LAU ______|
| (1696 - 1772) m 1722|
| | _____________________
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| |_____________________|_____________________
|
_Peter LAU __________|
| (1728 - 1806) m 1748|
| | _Gregorious FREY ____+
| | | (1610 - 1687)
| | _Johann Jacob FREY __|_____________________
| | | (1648 - 1705) m 1688
| |_Anna Cleophe FREY __|
| (1696 - ....) m 1722|
| | _Matthias SCHAUB ____
| | | (1637 - 1688)
| |_Anna Maria SCHAUB __|_Ursula LANGE _______
| (1665 - 1725) m 1688 (1638 - ....)
_Andrew LAU _________|
| (1751 - ....) |
| | _____________________
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| | _____________________|_____________________
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| | | |_____________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Susanna NEAS _______|
| (1732 - 1801) m 1748|
| | _____________________
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|
|
|--Susanna LAU
| (1775 - 1857)
| _____________________
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| | |_____________________|_____________________
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_Roger DE MORTIMER ________________________+
| (1287 - 1330) m 1301
_Edmund DE MORTIMER __________________|_Joan ("Jeanne Joinville") GENEVILLE ______
| (1306 - 1331) m 1316 (1286 - 1356)
_Roger DE MORTIMER ______________________|
| (1328 - 1360) |
| | _Bartholomew DE BADLESMERE ________________+
| | | (1274 - 1322)
| |_Elizabeth BADLESMERE ________________|_Margaret DE CLARE ________________________
| (1313 - 1356) m 1316 (.... - 1333)
_Edmund MORTIMER ________________|
| (1352 - 1381) m 1368 |
| | ___________________________________________
| | |
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| |_________________________________________|
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| |______________________________________|___________________________________________
|
_Roger Mortimer, Earl of MARCH _|
| (1374 - 1398) m 1388 |
| | _Edward II, King of ENGLAND _______________+
| | | (1284 - ....) m 1308
| | _Edward III, King of ENGLAND _________|_Isabella "The Fair" of FRANCE ____________
| | | (1312 - 1377) m 1328 (1292 - 1358)
| | _Lionel Plantagenet, Duke of CLARENCE ___|
| | | (1338 - 1369) m 1352 |
| | | | _William III ("the Good") of AVESNES ______+
| | | | | (1286 - 1337) m 1305
| | | |_Philippa of HAINAUT _________________|_Joanna (or Jane) of VALOIS _______________
| | | (.... - 1369) m 1328 (.... - 1342)
| |_Philippa PLANTAGENET ___________|
| (1355 - 1382) m 1368 |
| | _John DE BURGH ____________________________+
| | | (1286 - 1313) m 1308
| | _William de Burgh, Earl of ULSTER ____|_Elizabeth of GLOUCESTER __________________
| | | (1312 - 1333) (1295 - 1360)
| |_Elizabeth de Burgh, Countess of ULSTER _|
| (1332 - 1363) m 1352 |
| | _Henry, Earl of LANCASTER _________________+
| | | (1281 - 1345) m 1297
| |_Maud of Lancaster PLANTAGENET _______|_Maud CHAWORTH ____________________________
| (1310 - 1377) (1282 - ....)
|
|--Anne MORTIMER
| (1390 - ....)
| _Sir Robert DE HOLAND _____________________+
| |
| _Sir Robert DE HOLAND ________________|_Elizabeth DE SALMESBURY __________________
| | (1270 - 1328) (1256 - ....)
| _Thomas DE HOLAND _______________________|
| | (1314 - 1360) m 1339 |
| | | _Alan La ZOUCHE ___________________________+
| | | | (1267 - 1314)
| | |_Maud ZOUCHE _________________________|_Eleanor SEGRAVE __________________________
| | (1289 - 1341) (.... - 1314)
| _Thomas de Holand, Earl of KENT _|
| | (1354 - 1397) m 1370 |
| | | _Edward I ("Longshanks"), King of ENGLAND _+
| | | | (1239 - 1307) m 1299
| | | _Edmund "of Woodstock", Earl Of KENT _|_Marguerite of FRANCE _____________________
| | | | (1301 - 1330) m 1325 (1282 - 1317)
| | |_Joan ("Fair Maid of Kent") PLANTAGENET _|
| | (1328 - 1385) m 1339 |
| | | _John WAKE ________________________________+
| | | | (.... - 1300)
| | |_Margaret WAKE _______________________|_Joan DE FIENNES __________________________
| | (.... - 1349) m 1325 (.... - 1309)
|_Alianor HOLLAND _______________|
(1370 - 1405) m 1388 |
| _Richard Fitz ALAN ________________________+
| | (1267 - 1302)
| _Sir Edmund Fitz ALAN ________________|_Alasia DE SALUZZO ________________________
| | (1285 - 1326) m 1305 (1266 - 1292)
| _Sir Richard Fitz ALAN __________________|
| | (1306 - 1376) m 1345 |
| | | _William DE WARENNE _______________________+
| | | | (1256 - 1286) m 1285
| | |_Alice DE WARENNE ____________________|_Joan DE VERE _____________________________
| | (1287 - 1338) m 1305 (1264 - 1293)
|_Alice Fitz ALAN ________________|
(1350 - 1415) m 1370 |
| _Edmund ("Crouchback"), Earl of LANCASTER _+
| | (1245 - 1296) m 1276
| _Henry, Earl of LANCASTER ____________|_Blanche of Artois, Queen of NAVARRE ______
| | (1281 - 1345) m 1297 (.... - 1302)
|_Eleanor (de Lancaster) PLANTAGENET _____|
(.... - 1372) m 1345 |
| _Patrick Chaworth, Lord of KIDWELLEY ______+
| | (1253 - 1283)
|_Maud CHAWORTH _______________________|_Isabel DE BEAUCHAMP ______________________
(1282 - ....) m 1297 (1236 - ....)
[5314] http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cousin/html/p266.htm states: "She married Richard, 'of Conisburgh,' Earl of Cambridge, son of Edmund, 'of Langley,' Duke of York and Princesa Isabel Pérez de Castilla y León, circa May 1406; 1st cousins, 2x removed. She on the death of her brother, Edmund, 5th Earl of March, she became heiress to all the estates of the Mortimer family and their titles in 1425." Anne m. (2) in 1399 Sir Edward Charleton, Lord of Powys.
_Daniel PERKINS ___________+
| (1752 - 1830) m 1774
_Peletiah PERKINS __________________|_Abigail PENNY ____________
| (1795 - 1864) m 1817 (1752 - ....)
_Daniel PERKINS ________|
| (1821 - 1887) m 1840 |
| | _Samuel HERRICK ___________+
| | | (1770 - 1833)
| |_Lucy HERRICK ______________________|_Lucy BLACK _______________
| (1799 - 1872) m 1817 (1772 - 1847)
_Henry Clifford PERKINS _|
| (1855 - 1928) m 1880 |
| | _David HAWES ______________
| | | (1752 - 1802) m 1780
| | _John HAWES ________________________|_Rebeckah PARKER __________
| | | (1787 - 1824) (1760 - 1835)
| |_Amanda Mortimer HAWES _|
| (1823 - 1878) m 1840 |
| | _Seth BLODGETT ____________
| | | (1747 - 1817) m 1774
| |_Elizabeth BLODGETT ________________|_Lucy JOHNSON _____________
| (1786 - 1869) (1752 - ....)
_Herman Erastus PERKINS _|
| (1881 - 1965) m 1907 |
| | _William SNOWMAN __________+
| | | (1765 - 1839) m 1790
| | _Charles (Jr.) SNOWMAN _____________|_Judith HUTCHINGS _________
| | | (1792 - 1854) m 1815 (1772 - 1862)
| | _Erastus Foot SNOWMAN __|
| | | (1828 - 1869) |
| | | | _William HUTCHINGS ________+
| | | | | (1764 - 1866) m 1786
| | | |_Mary (or Molly) Perkins HUTCHINGS _|_Mercy ("Mary?") WARDWELL _
| | | (1793 - 1891) m 1815 (1770 - 1837)
| |_Carrie L. SNOWMAN ______|
| (1861 - 1926) m 1880 |
| | _Joseph LITTLEFIELD _______+
| | | (1792 - 1871) m 1817
| | _Elias LITTLEFIELD _________________|_Jane VARNUM ______________
| | | (1818 - 1882) m 1841 (1795 - 1872)
| |_Jane LITTLEFIELD ______|
| (1842 - 1867) |
| | _Jonathan VARNUM __________+
| | | (1788 - 1860) m 1812
| |_Phebe VARNUM ______________________|_Hannah WARDWELL __________
| (1819 - 1881) m 1841 (1792 - 1858)
|
|--James Whitmore PERKINS
| (1908 - 1970)
| ___________________________
| |
| ____________________________________|___________________________
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| | | ____________________________________|___________________________
| | | |
| | |________________________|
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| | | ___________________________
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| | |____________________________________|___________________________
| |
|_Agnes Hubbard DODGE ____|
(1881 - 1948) m 1907 |
| ___________________________
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| ____________________________________|___________________________
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__
|
__|__
|
_Adam PIPER __________|
| (1728 - 1794) |
| | __
| | |
| |__|__
|
_Johan Adam PIPER ___|
| (1769 - 1837) m 1790|
| | __
| | |
| | __|__
| | |
| |_Catharine ZOLLINGER _|
| |
| | __
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| |__|__
|
_John Adam PIPER ____|
| (1794 - 1829) m 1818|
| | __
| | |
| | __|__
| | |
| | _George ELY __________|
| | | (1745 - 1790) |
| | | | __
| | | | |
| | | |__|__
| | |
| |_Jane ELEY __________|
| (1770 - 1837) m 1790|
| | __
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| | __|__
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| |______________________|
| |
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| |__|__
|
|
|--Oliver Cromwell PIPER
| (1820 - 1899)
| __
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| __|__
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| ______________________|
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| | |__|__
| |
| _Edmond MCVITTY _____|
| | (1771 - 1833) |
| | | __
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| | |__|__
| |
|_Ann MCVITTY ________|
(1797 - 1873) m 1818|
| __
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| __|__
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| ______________________|
| | |
| | | __
| | | |
| | |__|__
| |
|_Margaret TAYLOR ____|
(1778 - 1854) |
| __
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| __|__
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|______________________|
|
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|__|__
[44865] Oliver and Nancy had: John Edward Piper (1845-1924), Allen Henderson Piper (1846-1918), Howard Washington Piper (1847-1904), Margaret Jane Piper Stoltz (1849-1877), Harriet America Piper Stoltz (1853-1927) & Mary Emmaline Piper Stoltz (1857-1945).
_Jeremiah WARDEL ____
| (1724 - ....)
_Matthew WARDALL ________________|_____________________
| (1750 - ....) m 1770
_Thomas WARDALL _______________|
| (1775 - 1853) m 1808 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_Dinah PORTER ___________________|_____________________
| m 1770
_Charles (Wardall) WARDELL _|
| (1816 - 1906) m 1840 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _________________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Frances MELTON _______________|
| (1785 - 1842) m 1808 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_________________________________|_____________________
|
_Charles Frederick WARDALL _|
| (1856 - 1901) m 1878 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _________________________________|_____________________
| | |
| | _______________________________|
| | | |
| | | | _____________________
| | | | |
| | | |_________________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Sarah HEWITT ______________|
| (1816 - 1900) m 1840 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _________________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_______________________________|
| |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_________________________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Hewitt Malcolm (Wardall) WARDELL
| (1900 - 1989)
| _Tom BLIGHTON _______
| | (1755 - ....)
| _Thomas BLIGHTON ________________|_____________________
| |
| _Hiram C. BLIGHTON ____________|
| | (.... - 1890) |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_Neeltje Cornelia Eleanor SHARP _|_____________________
| | (1771 - 1847)
| _Permeno Alfred BLIGHTON ___|
| | (1830 - 1896) m 1850 |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | | _________________________________|_____________________
| | | |
| | |_Jemima MCWETHEY ______________|
| | (.... - 1895) |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_________________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Mary Louisa BLITON ________|
(1857 - 1942) m 1878 |
| _Duncan MALCOLM _____
| | (1720 - ....)
| _Findlay MALCOLM ________________|_____________________
| | (1750 - 1829) m 1776
| _Eliakim "Liak" (Sr.) MALCOLM _|
| | (1801 - 1874) m 1822 |
| | | _Daniel WARDWELL ____+
| | | | (1734 - 1803) m 1755
| | |_Tryphena WARDWELL ______________|_Sarah STAPLES ______
| | (1761 - 1813) m 1776
|_Eliza Evaline MALCOLM _____|
(1832 - 1911) m 1850 |
| _____________________
| |
| _________________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Samantha SEXTON ______________|
(1805 - 1883) m 1822 |
| _____________________
| |
|_________________________________|_____________________